超声波辅助咪唑基和吡啶基离子液体的合成  

Synthesis of Imidolium-based and Pyridinium-based Ionic Liquids under Ultrasonic Irradiation

作　　者：何冬梅[1] 李方林[1] 曹红[1] 李春[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学化学化工学院/新疆兵团化工绿色过程重点实验室,石河子832003 [2]北京理工大学生命科学与技术学院,北京100081

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期745-749,共5页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20776017;20976014);北京市自然科学基金项目(5072028)

摘　　要：以N-甲基咪唑、吡啶和溴代烷为原料,在超声波间歇作用且无溶剂条件下,合成了1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐[Emim]Br、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐[Bmim]Br、N-乙基吡啶溴盐[EPy]Br、N-丁基吡啶溴盐[BPy]Br等4种离子液体。在常温常压下,测定了它们的熔点,结果表明,阴离子组成相同时,有机阳离子体积大的离子液体熔点较小;与常规合成方法相比,超声波法具有操作简单,条件温和,产物收率高、反应速度快的优点。实验还以[Bmim]Br为中间体,通过阴离子交换法,制备了亲水性离子液体[Bmim]BF4和疏水性离子液体[Bmim]PF6,在25℃对其黏度进行了测定,并对实验合成的全部六种离子液体作了红外光谱和核磁共振的表征。Used N-methylimidazole,pyridine and bromoalkanes as raw materials,four types of ionic liquids 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide salt Br,1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide salt Br,N-ethylpyridine bromide saltBr and N-butylpyridine bromide salt（Br） were synthesized without solvent under the conditions of ultrasound intermittent operation.Their melting points were measured at room temperature.Results showed the bigger of the size of organic cation in ionic liquids with the same anion the smaller of melting point of the ionic liquids Compared with conventional synthesis,the reaction time was drastically reduced and a higher yield was obtained.Then the Br as an intermediate,a hydrophilic ionic liquid BF4 and hydrophobic ionic liquid PF6 were prepared through anion-exchange.Their viscosity was determined at 25 ℃.The six ionic liquids synthesized were characterized by 1H NMR,13C NMR and IR spectra.

关 键 词：离子液体 超声波法 N-甲基咪唑 吡啶 

分 类 号：O626[理学—有机化学]