取消燃气和电力补贴对我国居民生活的影响  

A Study on the Comprehensive Evaluation and Optimization of How Removing Gas and Electricity Subsidies Would Affect Households' Living

作　　者：李虹[1] 董亮 谢明华[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院 [2]中科院过程研究所 [3]厦门大学中国能源经济研究中心

出　　处：《经济研究》2011年第2期100-112,共13页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：2007年美国能源基金会项目"中国电力产业提高能源效率和减少污染的管制行动";2009年中国博士后科学基金"可持续发展与社会公平:基于能源补贴理论与政策实践的研究"(项目编号 20090460202);2009年教育部哲学社会科学规划项目"中国电力价格体制改革研究--煤电价格联动的政策效应"(项目编号 09YJA790006)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：分析取消能源补贴对居民生活的影响是完善能源补贴改革的重要基础。本文首先应用价差法估算了中国2007年燃气和电力的补贴规模;其次考虑到中国居民贫富与区域差异,将城乡居民按收入水平分为10组,引入"能源预算"概念并设计"影响指数"、"承受力指数"等核心指标,结合投入产出模型,从直接和间接两方面综合研究了取消燃气和电力补贴对不同收入阶层居民生活的影响,分析结果表明无论从直接影响还是间接影响的角度,取消燃气和电力补贴对低收入阶层居民,尤其是农村低收入居民的冲击更大。最后基于实证分析结果,提出阶梯化定价机制与补贴转移等能够让低收入阶层居民真正获益的能源补贴改革建议。Removing energy subsidies is the basis of energy subsidies reform. In this paper, a two-step approach ＂integrating indicator analysis and input-output table is proposed to study the problem. We first apply price-gap approach to estimate China＇s gas and electricity subsidies in 2007, then take China＇s income and area disparity, we divide urban and rural households into 10 income groups, and based on ＂energy budget＂ concepts, we design ＂impact index＂ and ＂affordability index＂, with the help of input-output table, make a comprehensive study on how removing gas and electricity subsidies would affect households＇ living from the perspective of direct and indirect aspects. Analytical results show that removing subsidies would have more serious impacts on low income households, especially rural poor households. Based on the study results, support policy that would limit the adverse impacts is proposed so as to develop and implement subsidies reform effectively in China.

关 键 词：燃气和电力补贴 居民生活 不同收入阶层 投入产出模型 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济]