生活垃圾处理的碳排放和减排策略  

Carbon emission and its reduction strategies during municipal solid waste treatment

作　　者：李欢[1] 金宜英[2] 李洋洋[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学深圳研究生院,广东深圳518055 [2]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2011年第2期259-264,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC64B06);江苏省科技计划项目(BE2008611)

摘　　要：利用质量平衡模型,在核算生活垃圾处理技术碳排放的基础上,通过低碳化程度评价方法,建立了面向不同层次需求的生活垃圾低碳化策略.研究结果表明,餐厨垃圾产沼利用、生活垃圾填埋气收集利用和焚烧发电的低碳化程度最高,分别为93.7%、75.3%和71.0%.在不具备上述处理条件的地区,可以采用准好氧填埋,或在填埋之前进行好氧稳定预处理实现碳减排,其低碳化程度分别为61.8%和56.7%.根据目前生活垃圾的处理情况,估算我国每年生活垃圾处理过程将形成甲烷排放超过600万t,总碳排放约1.5亿t;而通过实施低碳化处理策略,2015年甲烷排放可减少至约500万t,总碳排放减少至1.3亿t。Based on the calculation of carbon emission from municipal solid waste（MSW） treatment processes by using the mass balance model,a low-carbon strategy for MSW management was established by evaluating the relatively low-carbon degree of these processes.Restaurant garbage digestion for methane production,MSW landfill for gas utilization,and incineration for power production had the lowest carbon emission,with low-carbon degrees of 93.7%,75.3% and 71.0%,respectively.In areas where the above technologies were limited,semi-aerobic landfill and landfill with an aerobic stabilization pretreatment were also effective for carbon emission reduction,and their low-carbon degrees were 61.8% and 56.7%,respectively.According to the present MSW treatment status in China,it was estimated that the CH4 emission was above 6 million tons and the total carbon emission was about 150 million tons per year from MSW treatment.With the implementation of the low-carbon management strategy,in 2015,the CH4 emission and the total carbon emission could be reduced to approximately 5 million tons and 130 million tons,respectively.

关 键 词：生活垃圾 填埋 焚烧 碳排放 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]