石墨型高能气体开关的电极使用寿命分析  

Analysis on Electrode Lifetime of High Power Graphite Spark Gap Switch

作　　者：李黎[1] 刘刚[1] 林福昌[1] 赖贵友[2] 郭良福[2] 曾晗[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,湖北省武汉市430074 [2]中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心,四川省绵阳市621900

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2011年第6期109-115,共7页Proceedings of the CSEE

摘　　要：两电极气体开关是大型激光装置能源模块中开关元件的重要候选方案。分析石墨材料相比于传统金属材料烧蚀的特殊性。由于高能脉冲放电(转移电荷量大于25 C)时,石墨烧蚀质量损耗与转移电荷量呈线性关系,提出可用于评估电极使用寿命的烧蚀速率,并给出了实用的烧蚀速率测算方法。针对等电场面设计的石墨电极,提出表征石墨电极在使用过程中的电气寿命模型及相应的寿命终结判据,并对所研制的一种单次转移电荷量超过100 C的石墨型高能气体开关进行了寿命预测和试验验证。所得结论对石墨型高能气体开关的研制和使用具有参考意义。Two-electrode spark gap switch is an important candidate for the switching element of huge high laser power supply system.This paper analyzed the erosion differences between graphite and typical metal materials firstly.When the transfer charge is more than 25 coulombs,the graphite erosion mass will be proportional to the transfer charge.So,the erosion rate can be used for predicting the graphite electrode lifetime and a practical method of measuring erosion rate was proposed.Aiming at the graphite electrode with equal electric field intensity designing,the electrical lifetime model was proposed,and the deciding parameters of the switch lifetime were enumerated and analyzed.In addition,this paper utilized the proposed lifetime model to estimate the lifetime of a newly developed graphite spark gap switch which can support over 100 coulomb single transfer charges.This paper can perform the function of reference in engineering application of high power graphite pulse switches.

关 键 词：脉冲功率技术 气体开关 石墨电极 转移电荷量 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]