南方糙海参的人工催产与育苗初步试验  

Primary test on artificial spawning induction and larvae rearing of Holothuria scabra

作　　者：杨学明[1] 张立[1] 李有宁[2] 陈明强[2] 甘西[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西水产研究所,广西南宁530021 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2011年第1期39-44,共6页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：广西水产畜牧攻关项目(2007-48);广西科技攻关项目(L0123008-8)

摘　　要：糙海参（Holothuria scbra）是中国南方优质的热带海参经济品种，试验首次成功在国内综合运用升温等多种刺激方法人工诱导糙海参产卵，并进行了批量人工育苗。2010年4—6月，共进行人工催产试验10次，催产亲参243头，5次试验产卵，催产成功率50％，共获得受精卵1652．72×10^4粒，孵出糙海参幼体1226．74×10^4头，总体孵化率74．23％；在水温27．5～30．0℃条件下，受精卯完成胚胎发育需要32．5h；利用其中部分幼体开展后期人工育苗，经过21d培育，获得糙海参早期稚参（0．1cm）19．43×10^4头，苗种培育成活率16．7％；经过32d培育获得大规格后期稚参苗（0．3～0．5cm）2，46×10^4头，培育成活率2．12％。试验的成功对下一步开展北部湾海域糙海参的天然种群恢复和在华南地区进行糙海参的人工养殖与开发具有重要意义。Holothuria scabra is an important tropical sea cucumber species in South China. Combining methods of thermal stimulation, dry treatment and powerful water jet, etc. , we artificially induced the spawning and successfully bred H. scabra for the first time in Chi- na. During April - June, 2010, among 10 batches of 243 H. scabra bloodstocks, 5 batches of parent H. scabra succeeded in sperm re- leasing and spawning （spawning rate： 50% ） ; 1 652. 72 ~ 104 eggs were produced and 1 226. 74 ~ 104 larvae were hatched out （hatch- ing rate： 74.23% ）. At water temperature of 27.5 -30. 0℃. it took 32. 5 h for the fertilized eggs to finish embryo development. We chose some larvae for 21-day rearing and obtained 19. 43×10^4 early juveniles （ size ： 0. 1 cm） with a survival of 16. 7% ; after 32-day rearing, 2.46 ×10^4 late juveniles （size： 0. 3 -0. 5 cm） were obtained with a survival of 2. 12%. The study is important for the future natural H. scabra population recovery in Beibu Gulf and its industrialized breeding in South China.

关 键 词：糙海参 人工催产 育苗 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：S965.3[农业科学—水产养殖]