我国11城市3～6岁儿童单纯肥胖症危险因素分析  

Risk factors of obesity for children 3-6 years old in 11 cities in China

作　　者：李晓慧[1,2] 丁宗一[3] 文红[4] 王文媛[5] 王念蓉[6] 王红[7] 向伟[8] 陈斌[9] 郭建华[10] 钟燕[11] 陈社菊 黄哲 张晶 蒋竞雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心儿童保健部,北京100013 [2]北京市海淀区妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [3]北京军区总医院八一儿童医院儿童保健科 [4]沈阳市妇幼保健所儿童保健科 [5]青岛市妇女儿童医疗保健中心儿童保健科 [6]重庆市妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [7]四川省妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [8]海南省人民医院儿科 [9]深圳市妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [10]济南军区总医院儿童保健科 [11]湖南省儿童医院儿童保健科 [12]河南省妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [13]陕西省妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [14]上海市儿童保健所儿童保健科

出　　处：《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》2011年第1期26-31,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的探索我国城市3～6岁儿童生活方式和饮食习惯与肥胖的关系,为制订儿童肥胖干预策略提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样,分别从成都、济南、深圳、沈阳、上海、重庆、郑州、西安、长沙、青岛和海口11个城市中随机抽取3个城区,每个城区随机抽取幼儿园6所,所有在园儿童进行体格测量,以WHO的身高标准体重加2个标准差作为肥胖判断标准。将调查中确诊的单纯肥胖症儿童与同性别、同年龄、同班级的正常体重儿童进行1∶2配对后,对所有肥胖儿童和配对的正常体重儿童进行家长自填问卷调查,回收的完整调查问卷中2218份肥胖问卷和5380份正常体重问卷,分别作为本研究的肥胖组和对照组。结果单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高出生体重(OR=1.48)、母亲受教育程度低(OR=1.20)、父母超重(OR=1.55、OR=1.81)、每周食用甜饮料≥3次(OR=1.34)、食欲好(OR=4.07)、进食速度快(OR=2.77)、4个月前非纯母乳喂养(OR=1.71)为儿童肥胖发生的危险因素;分别有45.6%和84.9%的肥胖儿童家长对儿童体型和肥胖对健康危害的认识做出不正确的评价和存在错误认识;分别有53.4%、43.3%和51.2%的肥胖儿童家长有鼓励进食、食物奖励和不限制零食的行为。结论 3～6岁儿童肥胖的发生与家庭养育环境密切相关,喂养方式、饮食习惯和错误的育儿观念是儿童肥胖发生的主要危险因素。Objective To explore the risk factors of obesity in lifestyle and eating behaviours in children 3-6 years old,in order to provide evidences of obesity intervention strategy in pre-school children.Methods Case-control study and stratify cluster sampling was used in this study.Eleven cities were selected as study field.Three districts were selected randomly in each city.Six kindergartens were selected randomly in each district.Weight and height were measured for all the children in each sample kindergarten.Obesity was defined as weight-for-height ≥2 SDS of WHO reference.The questionnaires survey was conducted in obese children and matched （sex and age） normal weight children with a ratio of 1：2.The questionnaire results with 2218 obese children （obese group） and 5380 normal weight children （control group） were analyzed in this study.Results High birth weight（OR=1.48）,low education level in mothers （OR=1.20）,parental overweight （OR=1.55,OR=1.81）,sweet drinks consumption ≥ 3 times/week （OR=1.34）,strong appetite （OR=4.07）,eating fast （OR=2.77）,and no breastfeeding before 4 months of age （OR=1.71） were risk factors for obesity in this study.In obese group,45.6% of parents thought that their children＇s weight was normal and 84.9% of parents did not think that obesity had health damage for children.53.4% of parents encouraged their obese children to eat often.43.3% of parents used food reward and no snacks restrictions for their obese children.Conclusions Family feeding and eating environment is related to obesity in pre-school children in urban China.Lifestyle,eating habits and parental attitudes are the major risk factors.Early obesity intervention should focus on family lifestyle and eating environment.

关 键 词：肥胖症 儿童 学龄前 危险因素 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R723[医药卫生—儿科]