基于DEA和Malmquist指数的西部12省水资源利用效率研究  

Utilization Efficiency of Water Resources in 12 Western Provinces of China Based on the DEA and Malmquist TFP Index

作　　者：廖虎昌[1] 董毅明[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学管理与经济学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《资源科学》2011年第2期273-279,共7页Resources Science

摘　　要：2010年初的西南大旱凸显出了西部地区水资源利用效率低下的现状。本文从分析西部12省入手,采用地区生产总值、固定资产投资总额、全年供水量、用水人口等作为投入产出指标,先运用数据包络分析方法对西部12省2007年和2008年的水资源利用效率进行分析和评价,然后运用Malmquist指数方法对1999年至2008年西部12省的序列数据进行了分析。研究发现,四川、陕西、新疆、内蒙古和广西的水资源利用效率要稍微高些,其他省份应参考这5省的经验进行调整,西藏尤其应该加大调整力度;西部地区整体水资源利用效率的TFP指数为0.956,呈逐年衰退之势;技术是制约西部12省水资源利用效率的主导因素,要提高水资源利用效率首先应该加大科技投入。扩大生产规模,优化产业结构也是水资源效率提高的必由之路。The drought which occurred over southwestern China in the early 2010 highlights the situation of inefficient utilization of water resources over these regions.Although it resulted in part from natural factors,people are more clearly aware that the water ecosystem across the region is generally vulnerable,and the ability of drought control is weak.Inadequate infrastructure construction associated with reserving and allocating water resources,which is indispensible to mitigate the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources over there,appears to aggravate water crisis in this region.This paper attempts to examine causes of low efficiency of water utilization across the western regions of China and solutions on how to deal with the grim situation.First,we selected GDP,total investment in fixed assets,annual water supply,and population using water as input-output indicators,and made use of data envelopment analysis to investigate the performance of water resources utilization in 12 western provinces in years 2007 and 2008.Subsequently,we analyzed time series data of the 12 western provinces from 1999 to 2008 using the Malmquist total factor productivity index method.The innovation of this work lies in the dynamic process of analysis.Results show that the utilization efficiency of water resources in Sichuan,Shanxi,Xinjiang,Inner Mongolia,and Guangxi is slightly higher.In order to effectively address an acute shortage of water,other provinces can refer to the experience of the five provinces.Tibet,in particular,should make more efforts to improve the water use efficiency.The total factor productivity index of the utilization efficiency of water resources across western China was found to be 0.956.This means a decreasing trend in water utilization efficiency year by year.Furthermore,the results indicate that technology is the dominant factor restraining water use efficiency for the 12 western provinces.Some suggestions are given including increasing investment in science and technology to improve the ove

关 键 词：数据包络分析 MALMQUIST指数 西部 水资源利用效率 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]