海冰离心脱盐理论与实验研究  

Theoretical and Experimental Investigations into Centrifugal Desalting of Sea Ice

作　　者：谭蔚[1] 李春亮[1] 高晓冲[1] 贾占斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学天津市膜科学与海水淡化技术重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《资源科学》2011年第2期372-376,共5页Resources Science

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题资助项目(项目号:2006BAB03A03)

摘　　要：海冰盐度主要来自海水结冰时被包裹在内部的卤水盐胞,海冰离心脱盐方法正是依据此,将海冰破碎,使卤水暴露出来,进而施加超重力,脱除卤水,淡化海冰。本文通过理论分析得出海冰离心脱盐后盐度与时间的理论关系式为S(t)=PK1/t,采用该式的计算结果与文献中的实验数据对比表明两者吻合较好。在理论分析基础上,通过实验确定了粒度、分离因数和加入海水比例对海冰离心脱盐的影响。实验结果表明,淡化盐度随着粒径呈现先减小后增大的趋势,并且当颗粒在6～9mm左右达到最小;随着加入海水比例和分离因数的增大,海冰离心脱盐效果变好。Salinity of sea ice results mainly from brine salinity cell wrapped inside when sea ice is freezing.In terms of this,methods of centrifugal separation of sea ice are suggested as follows：1） breaking the ice so that salt brine is exposed and 2） using the large gravity of ice to remove sea brine and dilution sea ice by centrifuge.Through a theoretical analysis,a mathematical formula depicting the relationship between the salinity and the time after centrifugal desalting of sea ice,[S（t）=PK1/t]where P is a correction factor was derived.It shows good agreement with results from other studies when taking the correction factor P to be 82.From the proposed formula,it can be seen that there exists a power functional relationship between the diluted salinity and the factors,i.e.,time,separation factor,and liquid viscosity K.The diluted process of salinity is mainly completed in several seconds.With time increasing,salinity will be steady.The diluted salinity decreases with an increase in the separation factor and stabilizes at some separation factor value.With lower viscosity and lower salinity,the diluting brine can be more efficient.This suggests that adding water would be a good way to dilute salinity because of diluting brine and decreasing viscosity.To study the effects of those factors,we designed three experiments.The effects of particle size,separation factor,and the ratio of the added seawater were determined.The experimental results show that particle size has an important influence on centrifugal desalting of sea ice.The diluted salinity increases first and then decreases as the particle size increases.It reaches the minimum value when the particles are about 6-9 mm.The centrifugal separation factor and the ratio of the added seawater are both important to desalting of sea ice.The diluted results can become better with increasing ratio of the added seawater and centrifugal separation factor.When the particle size is 3-6 mm and the separation factor is larger than 1,100,salinity will be stabilized.The

关 键 词：海冰淡化 离心脱盐 粒度 分离因数 

分 类 号：P731.15[天文地球—海洋科学]