基于高精度三维地震数据的碎屑岩沉积相精细研究——以松辽盆地北部齐家南地区四方台组为例  

FINE STUDY OF CLASTIC SEDIMENTARY FACIES BASED ON HIGH-RESOLUTION 3D SEISMIC DATA --TAKING SIFANGTAI FORMATION OF SOUTH QIJIA IN NORTH SONGLIAO BASIN AS AN EXAMPLE

作　　者：黄世伟[1] 黄薇[1] 林铁锋[1] 吴海波[1] 陈艳[1] 陈果 

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [2]中国石油川庆钻探工程公司地质勘探开发研究院,四川成都610051

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2011年第1期32-37,共6页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目“火山岩储层及其油气藏识别与评价技术研究”（2009CB219307）和国家“十五”重大科技攻关项目（2003BA613A）资助.

摘　　要：随着岩性-地层油气藏勘探开发的不断深入，越来越需要沉积相精细研究，以弄清沉积物的时空演化特征，进而精确识别储集砂体的类型及规模。以松辽盆地北部齐家南地区四方台组为例，探讨了依托高精度三维地震数据进行碎屑岩沉积相精细研究来恢复古地理环境变迁的方法。在把握工区曲流河沉积背景的基础上，优选了能较好反映沉积物展布特征的相干体地震属性，进行了沿四方台组中部的地震数据密集采样与属性切片提取，并用以解释其沉积时期的环境变化。研究发现其间河道等砂质沉积环境逐渐减少，泛滥平原等泥质沉积环境随之增加，反映了湖侵-沉积基准面上升的过程。结果表明，参照区域及单井沉积相划分成果，高精度三维地震数据能直接用于碎屑岩沉积相精细研究，用以分析沉积物与古环境的演化，其特点是：井问预测能力强；可实现三维空间的连续评价，重塑沉积环境的演化史；可编制薄层段大比例尺沉积相图。With the continuous exploration and development of lithological-stratigraphic petroleum reservoirs, the fine studies on the sedimentary facieses become more and more necessary to make clear of the time-space evolution characteristics of these sediments and moreover accurately identify the types and laws of the sandbodies. Taking Sifangtai Formation in South Qijia of North Songliao Basin as example, the method of recovering palaeo-geography environment changes is explored with the help of the fine studies of the sedimentary facieses by high-accuracy 3 D seismic data. On the basis of grasping the sedimentary background of meandering river of the operation area, the seismic attributes of the coherent bodies that much better reflect the spread characteristics of the sediments are optimized, and furthermore the close sampling of the seismic data and attribute cut slices are gathered along Middle Sifangtai Formation. On the basis of the above, the changes of the sedimentary environment are interpreted. The studies show that the sandy sedimentary environment in river channels and so on continuously become less; but the muddy sedimentary environment in floodplain and so forth is on the contrary in this period, thus the process from lake progression to the rising of sedimentary base level is reflected. The results show that high-resolution 3D seismic data can be directly used to finely study clastic sedimentary facieses and analyze the evolution of the sediments and palaeo-environment with the help of taking the classified results of the sedimentary facieses for the region and single well as reference. This study method has the following features： good forecasting ability between wells; can realize continuous evaluation of 3D space and resume the evolution history of sedimentary environments; mapping the sedimentary facies figures from thin interval to big scale.

关 键 词：三维地震 碎屑岩 古地理 沉积相 精细 松辽盆地 

分 类 号：TE121.3[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]