层间非均质性对特低渗油藏注水开采的影响  

THE EFFECT OF INTERLAYER HETEROGENEITY ON WATER INJECTION DEVELOPMENT IN THE EXTREMELY LOW PERMEABLE RESERVOIR

作　　者：岳湘安[1,2] 魏浩光[1,2] 刘峰刚[3] 赵永攀[1,2] 侯永利[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程教育部重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学提高采收率研究中心,北京102249 [3]中原油田采油二厂,河南濮阳457532 [4]中海油田服务股份有限公司生产事业部,天津300450

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2011年第1期99-102,共4页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发”（2008ZX05009）资助.

摘　　要：层间非均质性是影响油藏开发效果最重要的地质因素之一。利用人工压制的特低渗3层非均质储层模型与并联模型，进行了4组恒速水驱开采实验。实验结果表明：按中、高渗油藏组合层系的原则来组合特低渗油藏层系时，层间矛盾非常突出。高渗层段最先吸水，当压力梯度接近最大值时，低渗层段才开始吸水。随后，注水压力趋于稳定或者下降，低渗层段停止吸水。低渗层位吸水时间很短，吸水量很少，采收率很低。油层厚度大隔夹层发育的特低渗油藏组合层系时，应更加严格地控制层间渗透率级差，才能使低渗层得到动用。隔夹层不发育、油层厚度不大的油藏，水驱后应当对高渗层或者高渗条带进行深部封堵，以启动中、低渗层段中的原油为主，才能进一步提高油藏的采收率。Interlayer heterogeneity is one of the most important geological elements that influence on the reservoir development effect. In this paper, four constant rate waterflooding production experiments are implemented by using artificial extremely low-permeable three layers of heterogeneous reservoir model and parallel model. The experimental results show that if low permeable formation combination of relative high and middle permeable layers is adopted for production, the interlayer contradiction is very obvious. First of all, the high-permeable layer absorbs water, and after the pressure gradient approaches the maximum valuer the low-permeable layer absorbs water. Later, when water injection pressure approaches stable or descending, the low-permeable layer stops absorbing water. In the low-permeable layer, the water absorption time is short, intake capacity and the recovery rate are very low. For extremely low permeable thick oil layers with developed interbed, interlayer permeability contrast should be controlled strictly so as to make low-permeable layers developed. For not too thick oil layer with undeveloped interbed, the high-permeable layer or high-permeable belt should be plugged deeply after water drive, mainly producing oil from middle-low permeable layers, which can further improve the recovery rate.

关 键 词：特低渗 层间非均质性 水驱 边界流体层 毛管力 

分 类 号：TE348[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]