蒙古黄芪种子灌浆特性研究  

Studies on seed filling characteristics of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus

作　　者：荆志宇[1,2] 郭凤霞[2] 陈垣[1,3] 席倬霞 姚立荣 张小虎 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室甘肃农业大学,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [4]甘肃扶正药业科技股份有限公司,甘肃定西743000

出　　处：《草业学报》2011年第1期161-166,共6页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2007BAI37B03;2007BAI37B04;2007BAI37B02);甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室开放基金(No.05)资助

摘　　要：选用甘肃渭源县种植的二年生蒙古黄芪,在盛花期挂牌标记开花一致的植株,从开花后第10天开始测定种子灌浆动态,旨在为其种子标准化采收提供理论和技术依据。结果表明,蒙古黄芪种子百粒鲜重在开花后31d达到最大,随后迅速下降到接近干重的水平。籽粒干重变化趋势呈"S"型曲线,符合Logistic方程,快增期在花后19～33d,至花后50d灌浆基本结束。灌浆速率呈"快-慢-快-慢"规律,籽粒脱水速率随灌浆进程而加快,含水量持续下降,含水量下降最快的时期为灌浆高峰结束期。以上说明蒙古黄芪种子籽粒脱水加快、干重和含水量趋于稳定是种子成熟的标志,采收期应在花后50～56d左右(7月底至8月初),种子含水量在3.0%左右,种荚尚未开裂和荚柄离层尚未形成时为最佳,应根据成熟情况及时分批采收为宜。Flowers were labeled with cards during blossom of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus plants cultivated in Weiyuan county, Gansu. The dynamic filling trends in the plant seeds were studied 10 d after blossom to provide a theoretical and technical basis for standards of seed production. The 100-grain fresh weight increased and reached its highest value on the 31st day following blossom, and then rapidly decreased to a level near its dry weight. Changes of dry matter fitted a Logistic equation with a rapid increase during 19--33 d after blossom and finished at the end of 50 d. Grain filling rate showed a ＂fast--slow--fast--slow＂ pattern. Grains dehydrated increasingly faster with prolonged filling duration and water content decreased to the end. The time of fastest decrease in water content indicated the finish of the maximum grain filling. All the above showed that the stability of dry weight and water content of seeds were important indicators for seed maturation. The best harvest time should be during the 50--56 d following blossom （at the end of July or beginning of August） during which time the water content of seeds should be lower than 3.0%, the seed pods are not bursting apart and they have no abscission-layer in their stalk. The seeds should be harvested in timely installments.

关 键 词：蒙古黄芪 种子灌浆特性 LOGISTIC方程 采收期 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]