多层次格网模型的近邻指数聚类生态区划算法与实验——以新疆北部地区区划为例  

A Nearest Neighbor Index Clustering Algorithm for Ecological Regionalization Based on Multi-layer Grid Model

作　　者：袁烨城[1,2] 周成虎[1] 覃彪[1] 欧阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2011年第1期1-11,共11页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：中科院院士咨询项目"新疆生态建设与可持续发展战略研究"(KZCX3-SW-347)

摘　　要：在综合考虑气候、植被、地貌等因素的基础上,提出一种基于多层次格网模型的最近邻指数-模糊聚类生态区域划分算法(Nearest Neighbor Index Fuzzy Clustering,NNI-FC)。该算法采用"自下而上"的方式,首先,利用离散格网单元之间的严格相似性形成区划的核心分区;然后,通过最近邻指数统计分析细碎分区的空间格局及其面积覆盖率,再以模糊聚类方法将相似度最大的细碎区聚合归并,即可得到相应的生态区划方案。数值实验证明了该算法可以很好地体现区域的分异特征,并且具有较高的效率。The article presented a Nearest Neighbor Index Fuzzy Clustering（NNI-FC） algorithm for ecological regionalization based on multi-layer grid model with consideration of spatial distribution of geographical factors such as climate,vegetation and topography.It＇s a ＂bottom-up＂ regionalization approach and solved the problem of how to determine the ecological regionalization＇s type and its boundary by calculating the Nearest Neighbor Index（NNI） and the similarity between grids.Numeric and non-numeric features were considered simultaneously in the NNI and similarity,so the algorithm integrated both qualitative and quantitative regionalization methods.The algorithm consisted of three consequence steps： data preprocessing,core region generation and fragmented region elimination.In the data preprocess,some numeric property values were transformed to non-numeric ones through classification of the combination of geographical factors.Next,core regions and fragmented regions were generated by ROCK algorithm,which clustering the adjacent discrete grids with the same property values.Then,on the basis of analyzing the fragmented regions＇ area coverage and its spatial distribution by using NNI,the algorithm divided the fragmented regions into small pieces and merged them into the core region which has the biggest similarity.Finally,an eco-regionalization scheme for the given natural section is formed.The experiment of ecological regionalization for North of Xinjiang shows that the algorithm achieves over 80% classification accuracy and can be very good at expressing the diversity of regional characteristics.Besides,different levels of eco-regionalization scheme can be obtained by adjusting the thresholds of the algorithm and its time complexity is between linear and quadratic ones depending on the thresholds.

关 键 词：生态区划 多层次格网模型 聚类 最近邻指数 空间分布 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]