铀在土壤中的吸附动力学  

Adsorption Kinetics of Uranium in Soil

作　　者：胡立[1] 梁斌[1] 周敏娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《四川环境》2011年第1期21-25,共5页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：西南科技大学核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室重点培育项目(07JGZB08)

摘　　要：以四川盆地红层丘陵区涪江河谷两岸广泛分布的第四系中更新统亚粘土为对象,用动态法测定了铀在该土壤中的平衡吸附量,为极低放废物的处置提供一些理论依据。研究了流速、土壤粒度及铀溶液初始浓度对土壤吸附铀的影响,并用常用的吸附动力学方程对实验数据进行了拟合。结果表明:土壤粒度小的平衡吸附量较大;流速越小、平衡吸附量越大;铀溶液的初始浓度越大,平衡吸附量越大;在用动力学方程拟合时,E lovich方程的拟合度最好;该土壤对铀的最大吸附率为61.1%,吸附性能较差。The mild clay of the middle Pleistocene,Quaternary was used as subject of the study.The mild clay widely distribute in the two banks of Fujiang Valley locating in hilly area with red clay of the Sichuan Basin.The equilibrium adsorption of uranium in soil was determined dynamically,which offered theoretical basis for disposal of very low level waste.The effects of flow velocity,soilgrades and initial mass concentration of uranium solution on the uranium absorption of soil are studied.The experimental data were fitted with commonly used adsorption kinetic equation.The results showed that when soil particle size is small,equilibrium adsorptive quantity is high;the lower the flow velocity,the higher the equilibrium adsorption;the higher the initial concentration of uranium in solution,the higher the equilibrium adsorption.Elovich equation is the best one to fit the kinetics.The maximal adsorption rate of uranium in the soil disposal field is 61.1%,belonging to poor level of adsorption.

关 键 词：铀 吸附 吸附量 动态法 动力学方程 

分 类 号：X771[环境科学与工程—环境工程]