不同栽培措施对抗虫杂交棉主要生理特性的影响  

Effects of cultivation measures on main physiological characteristics in insect-resistant hybrid cotton

作　　者：王朝晖[1] 钟林光[1] 陈益元[1] 步洪凤[1] 李鸿达[1] 

机构地区：[1]常德职业技术学院生物系,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2011年第1期13-19,共7页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：湖南省教育厅2010年科学研究项目(10C0053)

摘　　要：研究不同栽培措施对＂湘杂棉3号＂主要生理特性的影响,探讨抗虫杂交棉高产措施的生理机制,为高产栽培提供理论依据。采取随机区组排列,组合处理采用L934正交设计,分析移栽密度、施氮量及肥料运筹等栽培措施对棉花生理特性的影响。结果表明：在湖南气候条件与栽培技术体系下,影响叶片光合速率、叶绿素含量的主导因子是种植密度,影响果枝叶可溶性蛋白质（PRO）、丙二醛（MDA）含量主导因子是施氮量。移栽密度在18 000株/hm^2、施纯氮为225-337.5 kg/hm^2、肥料运筹（基肥∶苗肥∶花铃肥）配比为3∶2∶5处理叶片光合速率、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质（PRO）含量高,丙二醛（MDA）含量低,有利于增强棉株生理机能,延缓棉株衰老。所以：＂湘杂棉3号＂栽培措施为适度稀植,适当增加施氮量,重施花铃肥,将增强棉株生理机能,延缓棉株衰老。The effects of cultivation measures on main physiological characteristics in ＂xiang-za-mian 3＂ were studies,and the physiological mechanism of high-yield in insect-resistant hybrid cotton was investigated to supply a theoretical basis for its high-yield cultivation.Meanwhile,such effects of cultivation measures as transplanting density,nitrogen rate and fertilizer application on cotton physiological characteristics were also examined by L934 orthogonal design.The results showed that under the climate condition and cultivation technique in Hunan province,the planting density was the leading factor that had effects on leaf photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll content.And nitrogen rate was the leading factor that had effects on PRO and MDA of fruit branch leaf.It could get higher leaf photosynthesis rate,chlorophyll content and PRO and lower MDA when transplanting density was 18 000 plants/hm2,225 to 337.5 kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen and fertilizer application（basic fertilizer∶seedling fertilizer∶flowering fertilizer） rate was 3∶2∶5.In the meantime,it was beneficial to enhance the physiological function and to delay aging of cotton plants.The cultivation measures of ＂xiang-za-mian 3＂ were reasonable sparse planting,increasing nitrogen rate and applying plenty flowering fertilizer,which could enhance the physiological function and delay aging of cotton plants.

关 键 词：棉花 湘杂棉3号 栽培措施 生理特性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]