水稻露水凝结量研究  

A Research of Dewfall in Paddy

作　　者：徐莹莹[1,2] 阎百兴[1] 王莉霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2011年第3期524-530,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40771035);中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2-YW-Q06-03)

摘　　要：【目的】于水稻生长季(6月初至9月末)对露水进行实地监测,探讨三江平原水稻植株露水凝结规律。【方法】选择杨木棒做收集器监测露水并计算露水强度,通过叶面积指数换算为单位面积土地上露水量。【结果】丰水年(2009年)露日数少于平水年(2008年),但露水强度高于平水年,露水强度在每年8月达到峰值后逐渐减小。作物冠层露水强度强于顶层,底层露水强度最弱。经换算,2008年和2009年水田年露水量保守值分别为26.2 mm和31.4 mm。水稻密度对露水强度的影响不大,但作物密植可增加年露水量。【结论】湿地开垦为水田后,年露水量增加,叶面积指数是水田年露水量增加的关键因子。露水是影响水田水量平衡的重要因子,2008年和2009年水稻露水量分别占同期降水量的8.68%和6.14%。【Objective】In order to discuss the dew condensation in paddy in Sanjiang Plain,the dew was monitored during the growing season from early in June to late in September.【Method】Dew was collected by woodstick made by poplar tree.The dew intensity was calculated and annual factual dewfall in unit area was calculated by leaf area index.【Result】Dew days in 2008 were more than that in 2009 and dew intensity in 2008 was higher than that in 2009.The rainfall in 2009 was much more abundant than that in 2008.Dew intensity reached the peak in August in both years.Meanwhile,dew intensity varied with the height and it found in canopy was higher than that in the height over canopy 50 cm,and the lowest was found in the ground.The conservative unit area actual dewfall estimated by LAI in paddy reached 26.2 mm and 31.4 mm in 2008 and 2009,respectively.The effect of paddy density on dew intensity could be ignored,but close planting could improve the annual dewfall.【Conclusion】Because of the promotion of LAI,dewfall increased when wetland reclaimed to paddy.Dew plays an important role in the water balance in paddy and the dewfall in 2008 and 2009 accounted for 8.68% and 6.14% of the rainfall of the same period,respectively.

关 键 词：露水量 露水强度 露日数 三江平原 水稻 叶面积指数 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]