被动采样监测珠江三角洲NOx、SO2和O3的空间分布特征  

Characterizing Spatial Patterns of NO_x,SO_2 and O_3 in Pearl River Delta by Passive Sampling

作　　者：赵阳[1] 邵敏[1] 王琛[2] 王伯光[2] 陆思华[1] 钟流举[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100871 [2]暨南大学环境工程系,广州510632 [3]广东省环境监测中心,广州510030

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第2期324-329,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2006AA06A309)

摘　　要：为获得珠江三角洲区域污染特征,采用被动扩散采样技术,在珠江三角洲200 km×200 km网格区域内测量11月两周暴露的NOx、SO2和O3浓度水平,采用克里格空间插值法(Kriging)获取NOx、SO2和O3的空间分布特征,并与源清单和已有模型结果比对.采用反向轨迹方法模拟了O3的输送途径.结果表明,采样期间珠江三角洲地区NOx、SO2和O3的平均浓度水平分别为75.9、37.3和36.2μg/m3,最大浓度分别达到195.7、95.9和81.8μg/m3.与珠江三角洲区域监测网同期常规监测结果相比,被动采样获得的NOx、SO2和O3浓度水平分别低了18.6%、33.5%和37.5%.在空间分布上,NOx的高值区域主要集中在广州、佛山、中山和深圳等城市聚集区;SO2呈现出西高东低的趋势,当地的电厂和工业源贡献较大;O3的高值区主要在珠江三角洲南部地区.对臭氧高值区的反向轨迹分析表明53%的气团输送来自NOx高值区,O3的水平输送形成了珠江三角洲O3北低南高的格局.Concentrations of NOx,SO2 and O3 were measured by passive sampling within 200km × 200km grid in Pearl River Delta（PRD）.Sampling period was two weeks in November,2009.Spatial distributions of NOx,SO2 and O3 were obtained by Kriging interpolation method.The results were compared with emission inventories and modeling results.The transportations of O3 were evaluated by using backward trajectories of air parcels.During the sampling period,the mean concentrations of NOx,SO2 and O3 were 75.9 μg/m3,37.3 μg/m3 and 36.2 μg/m3,respectively.And the highest concentrations of NOx,SO2 and O3 were 195.7 μg/m3,95.9 μg/m3 and 81.8 μg/m3.Comparing with routine measurements from the regional monitoring network in PRD,the results by passive method were 18.6%,33.5% and 37.5% lower for NOx,SO2 and O3,respectively.The spatial patterns demonstrated that higher NOx concentrations often appeared in cities such as Guangzhou,Foshan and Shenzhen.SO2 concentrations were higher in west and lower in east.High SO2 concentrations are mainly from emission of power plants and industrial sources.Concentrations of O3 showed the highest levels in the south of PRD.Backward trajectory analysis for higher ozone areas indicated that 53% of the air masses were from the region with high concentration of NOx.The horizontal transportation caused higher ozone in the south while lower in north in PRD.

关 键 词：被动采样 氮氧化物 二氧化硫 臭氧 珠江三角洲 空间分布 反向轨迹 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]