氮、磷、钾缺乏对西洋参根分泌物中酚酸类化合物的影响  

Effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium deficiency on content of phenolic compounds in exudation of American ginseng

作　　者：杜静[1] 杨家学[1] 焦晓林[1] 高微微[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2011年第3期326-329,共4页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI09B03);北京市自然科学基金项目(6072025)

摘　　要：目的:研究氮、磷、钾元素缺乏对西洋参根系分泌物中具有自毒作用的酚酸类化合物的影响。方法:以二年生健康西洋参幼苗为试验材料,设计Hoagland全营养液以及分别去除氮、磷、钾元素4个处理进行水培试验,2周后收集不同处理的培养液,用XAD4和XAD7离子交换树脂富集其中不同极性的根系分泌物。Folin-Ciocalteu试剂法测定不同根系分泌物中总酚酸含量,HPLC测定香草酸、对香豆酸、肉桂酸3种单体酚酸含量。结果:与全营养条件相比,缺氮或缺钾情况下西洋参根分泌物中总酚酸含量显著升高(P<0.05);而磷的缺乏可导致西洋参根分泌物中总酚酸含量显著降低(P<0.05);缺乏3种元素之中的任何一种均可使香草酸、对香豆酸、肉桂酸在根系分泌物中的比例显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:氮、磷、钾的缺乏可导致西洋参根系分泌物中的酚酸发生不同变化。Objective： Some of the phenolic compounds detected in the soil of commercially cultivated American ginseng could inhibit the seed germination and seedling growth of Americm ginseng. In this paper we studied the root exudation of American ginseng induced by deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the content of phenolic compounds. Method： Two years old American ginsengs were cultured in hydroponic culture with different nutrient solution. The culture solution was collected after 14 days. The exudations of different polarities in the culture solution were enriched by the amberlite XAD4 and XADT. The content of the total phenolic acids in the exudation was analyzed by Folin-Ciocalteu eolorimetry; the contents of vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid and trarts-cinnamie acid were detected and quantified by HPLC. Result： Both in the situation of nitrogen and potassium deficiency, the concentration of to- tal phenolic compounds increased significantly in the exudation of American ginseng comparing with the complete nutrient solution （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , while decreased significantly under phosphorus deficient conditions （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The contents of the 3 autotoxic phenolic acids decreased significantly under nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium deficient conditions （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： The contents of total phenolic compounds and the 3 autotoxic phenolics in the root exudation of American ginseng altered variously in the deficiency of nitro- gen, phosphorus and potassium.

关 键 词：西洋参 氮 磷 钾 总酚酸 香草酸 对香豆酸 肉桂酸 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]