521例ICU患者中心静脉导管感染分析  

Central venous catheter infection of 521 patients in ICU

作　　者：张明[1] 钱俊英[1] 解建[1] 李涛[1] 徐拥庆[1] 杨君[1] 姜志明[1] 张众慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属千佛山医院ICU,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第4期674-675,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的分析ICU患者留置中心静脉导管感染的病原学及感染危险因素,探讨中心静脉导管感染的防治策略。方法回顾性分析2000年1月-2009年11月ICU送检中心静脉导管尖端培养521份标本的培养结果,数据行线性趋势2χ检验。结果 521例中培养阳性209例,分离出真菌73株占34.93%,革兰阳性菌62株占29.66%;革兰阴性菌74株占35.41%;颈内静脉和股静脉导管培养阳性率大于锁骨下静脉;置管时间8～14 d的阳性率最高;普通管感染高于血液透析管和抗感染管。结论中心静脉导管感染与静脉置管类型、部位、留置时间具有相关性,革兰阴性杆菌和真菌感染为主要的病原菌;ICU应加强对导管感染的预防措施。OBJECTIVE To analyze the aetiology and risk factors of central venous catheter infections in ICU patients, to explore the prophylaxis and treatment for catheter-related infections. METHODS A total of 521 cases collected from Jan 2000 to Nov 2009 in intensive care unit （ICU） of our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Among 521 cases, 209 cases were with positive results of fungi, accounting for 34. 93% and G＋ （29. 66%） and G （35.41%）. The positive rates of internal jugular vein and femoral vein catheter were higher than that of subclavian vein catheter. The positive rates of indwelling time for 8-14 days were the highest. The infection rate of common catheter was higher than that of hemodialysis and anti-infection catheter. CONCLUSIONS Central venous cathete infection is related to the catheter type, the indwelling location and time. Fungi and G are the major pathogens. It is necessary to adopt a series of preventive measures for the catheter infections.

关 键 词：中心静脉 导管感染 病原学 预防措施 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]