围手术期预防性使用抗菌药物的调查与分析  

Prophylactic use of antibiotics in perioperative period:investigation and analysis

作　　者：翟红岩[1] 蒋静[1] 张景云[1] 夏春芳[1] 王国权[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第307医院感染管理科,北京100071

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第4期760-762,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：军队十一五计划课题(06MA353)

摘　　要：目的总结分析医院围手术期预防性使用抗菌药物药物情况,规范围手术期抗菌药物使用和管理。方法采取回顾性调查方法,对医院2010年第二季度465例外科手术患者,围手术期抗菌药物使用情况进行调查和分析。结果 465例患者抗菌药物使用频率为975次,抗菌药物种类17大类;手术中手术当日给药369例,占79.35%,96例在手术前日开始预防使用抗菌药物,占20.00%;手术预防用药≤3 d的有89例,占19.13%,用药时间>3 d占80.87%,用药时间>7 d占36.34%;使用1种抗菌药物的有183例,占39.35%,使用2种抗菌药物的有147例,占31.61%,使用≥3种抗菌药物占29.03%,个别病例甚至使用了6种或7种抗菌药物作为预防性用药。结论 465例围手术期预防性应用抗菌药物存在用药起点高、用药时间长、频率高、用药数量大及盲目联合用药等问题,不但增加了细菌耐药性、提高患者治疗费用、增加医院感染概率,同时也造成社会资源浪费。OBJECTIVE To summarize and analyze the prophylactic use of antibiotics in perioperative period, and standardize the usage and management of antibiotics. METHODS The perioperative prophylactic use of antibiotics in 465 surgical patients in the second quarter of 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 17 kinds of antibiotics were administered in 465 cases and the drug-used frequency was 975 times. 369 cases（79. 35%） received antibiotic treatment on surgery day. 183 cases （39. 35%） received one kind of antibiotic. 147 cases （31.61%） received two kinds of antibiotics. The ratio of cases who received over three kinds of antibiotics accounted for 29.03%. Some cases received 6 or 7 kinds of antibiotics as prophylactic use. CONCLUSION The problems in prophylactic use of antibiotics in 465 cases during perioperation period, including high starting point, long period and large amount of medication, can increase the bacterial drug resistance, the treatment expenses, the incidence rates of nosocomial infection, and waste the social resources.

关 键 词：围手术期 抗菌药物 预防用药 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]