医院鲍氏不动杆菌的分布与耐药性变迁  

Distribution of acinetobacter baumannii and change of drug resistance

作　　者：田军平[1] 喜贺热[2] 尚翠萍[2] 刘娜[2] 张旭[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古巴彦淖尔市医院呼吸科,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [2]内蒙古巴彦淖尔市医院检验科,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第4期787-789,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的分析鲍氏不动杆菌临床分离株近年来的分布及耐药率变化趋势,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对2006年1月-2009年12月由鲍氏不动杆菌引起的医院感染进行回顾性统计分析。结果鲍氏不动杆菌分布以痰液和支气管吸出物为主,占85.5%,其次是脓液,占8.7%;科室分布以重症监护病房(ICU)最多,占39.9%,其次是呼吸科,占18.1%;鲍氏不动杆菌对16种抗菌药物耐药率在2009年前有逐年增高趋势,2009年后有下降趋势;其对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的总耐药率最低,其次是阿米卡星和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦,耐药率分别为15.9%、28.2%、32.6%,对氨曲南和头孢西丁的耐药率较高,分别为81.2%、80.4%,其余抗菌药物耐药率均约为50.0%。结论鲍氏不动杆菌引起的医院感染严重,除对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦较敏感、耐药率低外,对其他抗菌药物耐药情况严重,临床应加强检测,合理应用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and antibiotics resistance of the clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in recent years, to guide the rational application of antibiotics in clinic. METHODS The data of nosocomial infection caused by ABA from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2009 was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Most of the samples came from sputum （85. 5%）, the following was pus （8.7%）. Patients mostly distributed in ICU （39.9%）, then the respiratory department （18. 1%）. The drug resistance rates to 16 antibiotics tended to increase year by year before 2009, and tended to decrease from the year of 2009. The total drug resistance rate to cefoperazone/sulbactam was the lowest with 15. 9%, then amikacin （28. 2%）, next to piperacillin/tazobactam （32.6%）, respectively, and the higher resistance rates to aztreonam （81.2%） and cefoxitin （80.4%）, and drug resistance rates to other antibiotics were around 50.0 %. CONCLUSION The nosocomial infection caused by ABA is serious. Except the lower drug resistance to cefoperazone/sulbatam and amikacin, the drug resistance rates to other antibiotics are serious. The clinical detection should be strengthened to rationally use antibiotics.

关 键 词：鲍氏不动杆菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]