边缘不变矩匹配算法的列车闸瓦图像识别试验  

Experiment of Image Recognition of Railway Vehicle Brake Shoe Based on Edge Moment Invariants Matching Algorithm

作　　者：高向东[1] 伍世全[1] 王腾[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学机电工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《机车电传动》2011年第1期66-69,共4页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(915100901000020;07001764)

摘　　要：研究一种基于边缘不变矩匹配算法的列车闸瓦图像识别新方法。在列车运动过程中,应用视觉传感器摄取闸瓦图像,根据闸瓦轮廓经图像旋转、缩放和平移变换后边缘特征点保持不变的统计特性,以其作为主要特征参数来自动识别具有复杂背景的闸瓦目标。针对闸瓦表面图像特征与轮对相近、图像灰度分布不均匀和存在遮挡等特点,研究改进的边缘不变矩匹配算法对闸瓦轮廓进行分析和特征提取,实现列车运动过程中闸瓦图像的识别。在传统不变矩算法计算的基础上,用原点矩代替中心矩,并且选用4个低阶矩作为特征分量,减少计算误差。试验结果表明,新方法可以解决闸瓦灰度与轮对相近和存在遮挡等问题,能够有效地识别闸瓦,为解决长期存在的闸瓦动态识别的技术难题提供一条新的途径。A new method for image recognition of train brake shoe based on edge moment invariants matching algorithm had been researched.The dynamic brake shoe images were taken by a vision sensor while the vehicle was moving.Then the statistic of brake shoe image invariant characteristics of rotation,scaling,and shift transformation were applied as the main features to automatically recognize the brake shoes with complicated background.With the presence of the characteristic similarity between the brake shoe surface and the wheel of vehicle,asymmetry of gray distribution of brake shoe images,object variation and occlusion of vehicle brake shoes,an improved moment invariants based on the edge-matching algorithm was proposed to recognize the brake shoe shape and analyze the brake shoe characteristics.The existing moment invariants algorithm was modified using the origin moment instead of central moments,and selected four lower order moments as the feature variable to reduce the calculation error.The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective for solving the above problems.The proposed algorithm can recognize the vehicle brake shoe automatically and can provide an effective way to solve the technical problems in long-standing recognition of the moving brake shoes.

关 键 词：边缘不变矩 列车闸瓦 图像识别 匹配 

分 类 号：U260.351[机械工程—车辆工程] TP391.41[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]