乌兰布和沙漠湖泊变化与气候关系  

Analysis on Relationship between Lake Change and Climate Change in the Ulan Buh Desert

作　　者：任昱[1] 高永[1] 虞毅[2] 张景波[3] 姜靖宇 邢铁鹏 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]国际竹藤网络中心,北京100102 [3]中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心,内蒙古磴口015200 [4]华能伊敏煤电有限责任公司,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021130

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2011年第1期168-174,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：内蒙古自然基金课题(200711020601);国家林业局"引进国际先进农业科学技术"项目(948项目)(2006-04-07);中德合作项目(2008DFA32270)

摘　　要：基于卫星和气候数据,以内蒙古乌兰布和沙漠湖泊为研究对象,采用中巴资源卫星2000-2008年长时间序列的影像数据,通过最佳波段组合和时相的选取,用一景同期TM图像作为辅助数据,进行高精度几何配准和镶嵌以及边缘信息提取等处理,绘制湖面变化解译图。为避免个别年份湖面变化出现的偶然性,采用几个相邻年份湖面求取平均值的方法统计近年湖面面积。对研究区20年气象资料的距平值曲线拟合,进行典型湖泊与气候变化的时间序列分析。结果表明:湖泊面积与年平均气温和蒸发量呈显著负相关,与年平均降雨量具有极显著的正相关,与相对湿度相关程度较低。湖泊面积越小,对气候变化的敏感性越强,此研究揭示了湖泊与气候变化的动态关系,反映遥感方法在沙漠湖泊水域,尤其是内蒙古西部沙漠湖泊变化检测方面具有较高的实用价值。In recent years,the lakes in desert have been significant changed. Based on the satellite data and climate data,this paper analyzes the variation of two lakes in the Ulan Buh Desert. Using CBERS CCD data during the period from 2000 to 2008,the best wave bands were chosen to process the image,such as the high-accuracy geometric registration and mosaic,the brim information was extracted,and the change figures of the lakes in the Ulan Buh Desert were charted. A spectral reflection curve was charted with a TM image in 2000 to identify the changed area of the lakes. In order to avoid the contingency,the areas of each lake in recent continuous years were used to calculate the average area of each lake. The correlation coefficients between lake areas and climate change in recent 20 years were calculated. The result shows that the trend was accordant well with the result of remote sensing detection,and there was a significant positive correlation between the lake area and the annual precipitation. The lakes with small area were more sensitive to climate change than those with large area. The study result shows that remote sensing is of high usability in monitoring the lakes in desert,especially in west Inner Mongolia.

关 键 词：湖泊面积 气候变化 气温 蒸发量 CBERS卫星 乌兰布和沙漠 

分 类 号：P461.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]