土壤微生物氧化氢及其同位素的研究进展  

Progresses in microbial oxidation of hydrogen and its isotopes in soil

作　　者：王斐[1] 刘卫[2] 唐景春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室,天津300071 [2]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海20180

出　　处：《核技术》2011年第2期143-146,共4页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10775174);上海自然基金(3109ZR1438200);上海市基金重点(10JC147200)项目

摘　　要：土壤可吸收大气中氢及核反应中的氚气,通过微生物作用将氢气和氚气氧化。本文综述了氢和氚在土壤环境中的迁移转化,与氢及氚氧化相关的微生物类型、分布及群落特征,探讨了氢化酶等生物氧化机理,及影响土壤中氚生物氧化的因素。研究表明,土壤微生物群落特征对氚的生物氧化具有重要影响,是放射性氚在环境中迁移转化及其生态效应的一个重要影响因素。Soil is main source to absorb atmospheric hydrogen, and tritium released from nuclear reactors, through the oxidation of hydrogen and tritium gas by soil microorganisms. In this paper, hydrogen and tritium migration and transformation in the environment, microbial species, distribution and microbial community associated with tritium oxide was reviewed. Hydrogenase, the mechanism of biological oxidation of tritium, and factors affecting tritium oxidation in soil, were discussed. Studies show that tritium oxidation was affected by the soil microbial community, and this is an important factor in site selection of nuclear power plants.

关 键 词：氚 氢化酶 土壤微生物 同位素 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] Q691[农业科学—农业基础科学]