过错侵权责任的发生基础  

The Foundation of Fault Tortious Liability

作　　者：朱虎[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心 [2]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《法学家》2011年第1期71-85,178,共15页The Jurist

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目(项目批准号10XNF043)的成果之一

摘　　要：权利仅能作为过错侵权责任的保护对象,而不能作为责任的发生基础。过错侵权责任的出发点在于所有权人自负其责,故其发生基础通过评价性的"归责"而体现出来。归责最初是一个统一的概念,但在德国法中,它却通过"违法性"和"有责性"之区分而被进行了概念建构。这种建构产生了诸多困难之处,因此更好的方式是将"归责"重新作为一个统一概念,并将"义务违反"作为过错责任发生基础和归责的核心,《侵权责任法》第6条第1款的解释也应体现此种发生基础。Right,as the protected object of fault tortious liability,can't be taken as the foundation of this liability. The start point of fault tortious liability is casus sentit dominus,therefore its' foundation is embodied through imputation. Initially,imputation was a uniform concept,but in the German law,it was conceptionalty constructed through the distinction of unlawfulness and blameworthiness. This construction has brought some difficulty,so the better way is the reunification of imputation,and breach of duty should be taken as the foundation of fault tortious liability and the core of imputation. The interpretation of Art. 6 I of Tortious Liability Law also should embody this foundation.

关 键 词：侵权责任 归责 违法性 有责性 义务违反 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]