慢性鼻炎大鼠嗅黏膜的病理及超微结构变化  

The pathological and ultrastructure changes of the olfactory epithelium in rats suffering from chronic rhinitis

作　　者：赵琳[1] 张向红[2] 李明兰[1] 梁建民[2] 孙斌[2] 王波涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安医学院附属医院耳鼻咽喉科,710077 [2]西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉科,710004

出　　处：《重庆医学》2011年第4期319-322,325,共5页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：陕西省攻关项目[2005K12-G2(2)]

摘　　要：目的研究慢性鼻炎大鼠嗅黏膜超微结构变化。方法用透射电子显微镜对慢性鼻炎组和对照组大鼠的嗅黏膜进行形态学观察。结果慢性鼻炎组大鼠部分嗅黏膜上皮中支持细胞核呈现椭圆形,其内染色质团块状凝聚、边集,胞质密度下降;嗅细胞表面的纤毛减少、脱落,脱落的纤毛分散于细胞间;细胞表面的微绒毛减少或消失,部分细胞核膜缺损,表现出细胞凋亡的形态学改变;细胞间有炎症细胞浸润;基底膜裸露,细胞排列紊乱。结论慢性鼻炎大鼠嗅黏膜可出现由表及里的超微结构变化。Objective To study the ultrastructure change in the olfactory mucosa of rats suffering from chronic sinusitis.Methods Light microscope and transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructure changes in the olfactory mucosa of 20 rats suffering from chronic sinusitis and those in 20 cases of normal olfactory mucosa.Results Observation by transmission electron microscope：Supporting cell nuclei were oval,the nuclei of the cell aggregated as the plaque and fringe collection,the density of cytoplasm were drop in.Surface microvillus of the olfactory cells reduced and disappeared,part of the karyolemma defected,to show morphology change about cell apoptosis.Inflammatory infiltrated in the middle of cells.Basement membrane to be exposed,the cells were quite disorganized.Conclusion There is a ultrastructural change from the surface to the inner in the olfactory mucosa of rats suffering from chronic sinusitis.

关 键 词：鼻炎 嗅黏膜 超微结构 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]