消极权利与立法者的积极义务——以德国联邦宪法法院第二次堕胎判决为例  

On Passive Right and Legislators' Active Obligation——Case Study on Abortion from the Second Judgment Made by the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany

作　　者：杨福忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中共河北省委党校

出　　处：《北方法学》2011年第1期111-119,共9页Northern Legal Science

摘　　要：公民基本权利的义务主体是国家,其实现需要国家履行相应的义务。传统宪法理论把消极权利和消极义务、积极权利和积极义务看作是一一对应的关系,而当代宪政实践表明,每一种基本权利都对应着国家的消极义务和积极义务。在消极权利所对应的国家积极义务中,最重要的是立法者的积极义务。立法者只有通过立法提供组织、程序及财政上的法律保障,公民消极权利的实现才具有可能性。As the counterpart of citizens＇ fundamental rights,the country should perform her corresponding obligations.The traditional constitutional prudence treats passive rights and obligations,active rights and obligations as their respective corresponding relations.While contemporary constitutionalism holds that each fundamental right corresponds to the country＇s passive and active obligation.Among the country＇s active obligations,legislators＇ obligation plays the most important role corresponding to citizens＇ passive rights.Accordingly,only when legislators offer organizational,procedural and financial safeguard of law,can it be possible for citizens to exercise their passive rights.

关 键 词：消极权利 立法者 积极义务 

分 类 号：DF2[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]