农村家庭主妇参与式艾滋病健康教育效果评价  

Effect evaluation of participatory comprehensive intervention of health education on AIDS prevention in rural housewives

作　　者：张留[1] 刘永玉[1] 王晓妹 窦燕[1] 丁宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学卫生管理学院卫生管理系,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2011年第2期112-115,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：安徽省全球基金艾滋病项目(皖全球基金艾[2008]026)

摘　　要：目的评价某农村社区艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)健康教育活动效果。方法对16名农村家庭主妇进行AIDS相关知识培训,以她们为主体将AIDS相关知识向家庭成员和社区人群传播,比较活动实施前后农村社区居民对AIDS相关知识的认知程度。结果活动实施2个月、4个月、6个月后,社区居民对AIDS病原学知识得分由基线调查时的(2.01±1.597)分分别提高到(2.47±1.327)分(、2.87±1.336)分、(2.98±1.283)分(F=12.990,P<0.001);AIDS传播途径相关知识得分由(4.18±3.012)分分别提高到(4.88±2.623)分、(5.76±2.670)分(、5.93±2.342)分(F=11.659,P<0.001);防治相关知识得分由(3.38±2.736)分分别提高到(4.33±2.266)分(、4.47±2.276)分(、5.15±2.038)分(F=12.179,P<0.001)。活动实施后,社区居民对待AIDS患者的态度有了明显的好转。社区居民会和感染者一起同席吃饭、喝酒的比例在26.1%～33.9%之间(χ2=13.266,P=0.039);会让感染者家小孩和您家小孩一起玩的比例在27.7%～37.1%之间(χ2=19.898,P=0.003);会和感染者说话的比例在47.0%～58.8%之间(χ2=13.671,P=0.034);会和感染者一起打牌等娱乐活动的比例在31.9%～42.3%之间(χ2=18.414,P=0.005);当感染者发病时,会协助他或她去医院的比例在47.6%～74.8%之间(χ2=42.595,P<0.001)。结论以农村社区家庭主妇为AIDS预防切入点,促进农村社区居民艾滋病相关知识的认知,可作为农村社区预防艾滋病工作的一种新思路。Objective To evaluate the effects of a rural community-based health education of AIDS.Methods AIDS-related knowledge training was conducted to 16 rural housewives and then spread to family members and community groups.Awareness degree of AIDS-related knowledge of residents in rural communities before and after the implementation of activities was compared.Results When the activities were implemented for 2 months,4 months and 6 months,the community residents＇s knowledge scores about etiology of AIDS ranged from the baseline survey of（2.01±1.597） points to（2.47±1.327） points,（2.87±1.336） points,（2.98±1.283） points（F=12.990,P〈0.001）;AIDS transmission knowledge score was（4.18±3.012） points to（4.88±2.623） points,（5.76±2.670） points,（5.93±2.342） points（F=11.659,P〈0.001）;prevention and treatment-related knowledge score was（3.38±2.736） points to（4.33±2.266） points,（4.47±2.276） points,（5.15±2.038） points（F=12.179,P〈0.001）.Before and after the implementation of activities,attitude of community residents towards AIDS patients had a marked change.The proportion of togethering with the infected person eating,drinking was between 26.1% and 33.9%（χ2=13.266,P=0.039）;the proportion of allowing others＇ infected children playing with their own children was in the 27.7% and 37.1% of the Inter（χ^2=19.898,P=0.003）;the proportion of speaking to infected persons was between 47.0% and 58.8%（χ^2=13.671,P=0.034）;having the recreational activities such as playing cards with those infected people with the ratio was in the 31.9%～42.3%（χ^2=18.414,P=0.005）;the proportion of helping him（her） go hospital after disease onset was between 47.6% and 74.8% （χ^2=42.595,P〈0.001）.Conclusions Making housewives in rural communities as an entry point for AIDS prevention and promoting the awareness of AIDS-related knowledge of the rural community residents can be used as a new strategy for HIV prevention in rural communities.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 健康教育 家庭保健助手 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.91[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]