原油降凝剂作用机理及其研究进展  

The depression mechanism of pour point depressant of crude oil and study progress in PPD

作　　者：代晓东[1] 贾子麒[1] 李国平[1] 张志恒[1] 刘兵[1] 杨法杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油管道科技研究中心,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《油气储运》2011年第2期86-89,75,共4页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

摘　　要：针对含蜡原油管道输送的化学降凝技术,基于原油结蜡的微观过程,总结了国内外关于降凝剂作用机理的解释。分别从晶体学和热力学两个角度描述了降凝剂在石蜡结晶过程中的作用。晶体学分析认为:降凝剂并不能阻止石蜡的结晶,但可以通过改变蜡晶结构和表面性质,提供更多的晶核、提高蜡晶晶体的对称性和改善蜡晶的表面性质,阻止蜡晶彼此连接。热力学分析认为:降凝剂分子为石蜡的结晶过程提供了更便捷的热量变化途径,使体系维持在非结晶的稳态。对降凝的作用机理进行分析描述,可为降凝剂材料的设计和结构优化提供参考。Focused on chemical pour point depression (PPD)in wax oil pipeline transportation process,the progress in depression mechanism are reviewed from the microscopic procedure of wax deposition. The influences of pour point depressant on wax deposition are summarized from two aspects in crystallography and thermodynamics. Through crystallography analysis,it is considered that although PPD can not inhibit crystallization process of wax,it can provide more nucleuses to improve the crystal symmetry,break the link between wax crystal by modifying its structure and surface property. Through thermodynamic analysis,it was thought that PPD molecular can provide an easier thermal way for wax crystallization,and make the whole system being a stable state without crystal link. The two aspects analysis and description on depression mechanism can provide a good reference to the molecular design and structural optimization in pour point depressants.

关 键 词：原油 降凝剂 作用机理 结蜡过程 晶体学 热力学 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]