秦岭楼观台油松林地3种土栖性蚂蚁巢内真菌多样性研究(英文)  

The Fungal Diversity in Nests of Three Soil-nesting Ant Species(Hymenoptera:Formicidae) in Pine Forests of Louguantai National Forest Park,China

作　　者：贺虹[1] 魏琮[2] 王云果[1] 高智辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]西北农林科技大学植保学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2011年第2期129-134,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：The Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30671691);the National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China and the Foundation for Outstanding Young Faculty Members of Northwest A&F University

摘　　要：研究比较了秦岭楼观台油松林地日本弓背蚁（Camponotus japonicus）、铺道蚁（Tetramo-riumcaespitum）及日本黑褐蚁（Formicajaponica）3种蚂蚁蚁巢内外土壤真菌多样性的差异。研究结果表明：（1）从3种蚂蚁蚁巢及无蚂蚁栖居的土壤样品中共分离到15种真菌,无蚂蚁栖居土壤中真菌种类是3种蚂蚁巢内真菌种类的2.0~3.5倍;日本弓背蚁巢内平均cfu.g-1最低,明显低于无蚂蚁栖居的土壤（P〈0.05）,另外2种蚂蚁巢内及其无蚂蚁栖居的土壤平均cfu.g-1差异不明显（P〉0.05）。（2）3种蚂蚁蚁巢内的真菌多样性指数（H′）均显著低于无蚂蚁栖居的土壤（P〈0.05）,但在3种蚂蚁蚁巢之间无显著差异（P〉0.05）;3种蚂蚁及无蚂蚁栖居的土壤的真菌均匀度指数（E）之间无显著差异（P〉0.05）。（3）3种蚂蚁巢内真菌种类组成明显不同,形成各自特殊的真菌群落;蚁巢中分布的真菌种类几乎都可发现于无蚂蚁栖居的土壤,但其在蚁巢内的分布均大于无蚂蚁栖居的土壤。不同蚂蚁蚁巢内及无蚂蚁栖居的土壤中真菌组成及其多样性的差异与土壤微环境以及不同蚂蚁种群、筑巢习性及其对真菌的防卫机制密切相关。The abundance and diversity of fungi in nest soil of three ant species,Camponotus japonicus,Formica japonica and Tetramorium caespitum in Louguantai National Forest Park,Qinling Mountains,Shaanxi Prov.,China,were studied to determine the fungal biodiversity and biomass in different ant nests and their surrounding ant-unoccupied soil.The results showed that：（1） Fifteen fungal species were isolated from soil samplings in nests of these ants and the surrounding ant-unoccupied soil in total,and the number of fungal species in ant-unoccupied soil was 2.0~3.5 times respectively those in nests of the corresponding ant species.The mean colony-forming units cfu·g-1 varied for all soil samplings,in which the mean cfu·g-1 in nests of C.japonicus was the lowest and showed significantly difference with ant-unoccupied soil（P0.05）.（2） All nests had lower fungal diversity index（H′） than ant-unoccupied soil,but the fungal evenness index（E） among the ant nests and ant-unoccupied soil had no significant difference（P0.05）.（3） All the three ants had special nest fungal communities,but the fungi isolated from their nests had high colony frequency and nearly all could be found in ant-unoccupied soil.The differences of fungal community among the three ants＇ nests and ant-unoccupied soil might be a result of variations in soil microenvironment and be related to the population,nesting habit and antifungal activities of different ant species.

关 键 词：蚁巢 真菌多样性 土壤 日本弓背蚁 日本黑褐蚁 铺道蚁 秦岭 

分 类 号：S763.15[农业科学—森林保护学]