云南省保山8月龄～15岁麻疹疫苗接种人群鸡蛋过敏现况调查  

Investigation on egg allergy in the population of receiving measles vaccine from 8 months to 15 years in baoshan city yunnan province

作　　者：张安柱[1] 郑维斌[1] 李园园[1] 林冬梅[1] 马崇会[1] 马占钦[1] 

机构地区：[1]保山市疾病预防控制中心,云南678000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2011年第1期1-3,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的通过了解云南省保山市5县（区）8月龄～15岁麻疹疫苗接种人群鸡蛋过敏的患病率,估计因鸡蛋过敏而不能接种麻疹减毒活疫苗的免疫空白人群规模,从而为保山市消除麻疹以及接种过程中可能出现的过敏反应制订相应的策略提供基线资料。方法采取现况调查,具体为对8月龄～15岁即将接种麻疹减毒活疫苗的儿童进行问卷调查,同时对有过敏史的再进行个案调查。结果调查8月龄～15岁麻疹疫苗接种人群502 561人,患病率为3.94/万,鸡蛋过敏儿童198人,平均年龄为（8.30±4.27）岁,患病率在年龄上差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,性别上差异有统计学意义,男/女（122/76,P〈0.001）;5县（区）鸡蛋过敏患病率不全相同（P〈0.001）;鸡蛋过敏儿童可出现皮疹、腹痛、腹泻、唇肿、呕吐、发热等临床症状。个体与个体之间临床表现不完全一致,但有共同点就是出现临床症状前有食用鸡蛋病史。其中,鸡蛋过敏者有1个临床症状者79例（占48.99%）,有2个临床症状者66例（占33.33%）,有3个临床症状者33例（占16.67%）,有4个临床症状者2例（占1.01%）。结论本次调查反映了鸡蛋过敏人群在麻疹减毒活疫苗接种对象中占有一定的比例,这类人不能接种含微量鸡蛋蛋白组份的麻疹减毒活疫苗。因此,为实现我国政府作出的到2012年消除麻疹承诺,制订相应的策略消除免疫空白人群显得尤为重要。在接种疫苗前,对这类鸡蛋过敏人群进行规模估计对保山消除麻疹有相当重要的意义。Objective To learn the incidence rate of egg allergy in the population who received measles vaccines which were from 8 months to 15 years old in Baoshan City Yunnan province,estimated the number of children without receiving vaccines,in order to provide data for making strategies in the process of inoculation and eliminate it.Method To do a cross-section study by questionnaires,investigation the children from 8 months to 15 years who would receive measles vaccines,and the children who have allergy history carried on case survey.Results 502 561 children were investigated,the incidence rate of egg allergy was 3.94/10 000,children with egg allergy history were 198,and the average age was（8.30±4.27）,there were no significant difference of age distribution（P0.05）;but had significant difference of sex,male/female（122/76,P0.001）;the incidence rate of egg allergy among five counties had significant difference（P0.001）;the symptoms of egg-allergic children were skin rash,abdominal pain,diarrhea,lip swelling,vomiting,fever and so on,different children appeared different symptoms,the point of agreement were that,before clinical symptoms appeared they had eggs.Among them,the people had one symptom was 79（48.99%）,two was 66（33.33%）,three was 33（16.67%）,and four was 2（1.01%）.Conclusions This survey showed that there were a certain proportion of children with allergy to eggs.Those people can not receive measles vaccines which included a trace of egg protein,in order to formulate corresponding measures to eliminate the people who can not receive vaccines and realize the government promises of eliminating measles before 2012,so before receive measles vaccine it is very important to estimate children with allergy to eggs.

关 键 词：麻疹疫苗 鸡蛋 过敏 现况调查 

分 类 号：R272.22[医药卫生—中医儿科学]