2009年南昌市农村生活饮用水水质卫生监测现况分析  

Analysis on hygienic quality status of drinking water in rural areas nanchang city at 2009

作　　者：燕念如[1] 冯小武[1] 章英[1] 熊文艳[1] 钟淙[1] 陈应平[1] 赖肖[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌市疾病预防控制中心,江西330338

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2011年第1期13-14,17,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的分析南昌市农村饮用水水质卫生状况,为行政部门制订干预措施提供科学依据。方法分别于2009年枯水期（3～4月）及丰水期（7～8月）采集水样,按照标准方法进行检测、评价、分析。结果合格率为100%的指标分别为：色度、总硬度、硫酸盐、氯化物、臭和味、溶解性总固体、耗氧量、氨氮、砷、氟化物;超标率较高的指标分别为：总大肠菌群（50.76%）、耐热大肠菌群（33.33%）及菌落总数（21.97%）、浑浊度（11.36%）、PH值（24.24%）。分散式供水水样浑浊度、PH值、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群超标率大于集中式供水水样（P〈0.05）;集中式供水水样菌落总数超标率大于分散式供水（P=0.034）。结论我市农村饮用水卫生仍然存在较多问题,尤其以微生物污染为重,而水源管理不当及消毒工作未有效开展是导致农村饮用水微生物超标的主要原因,因此,应加强饮用水水源管理及消毒工作。Objective To analyze the sanitary condition of drinking water in rural areas of NanChang city and provide scientific evidences for department making intervention measures.Method Collecting the water samples from dry season（March to April） and wet season（July to August） in 2009.Tested,evaluated and analyzed the samples by standard methods.Results The qualified rate of color,hardness,sulphate,chloride,smell and taste,total dissolved solids,oxygen consumption,ammonia,arsenic,fluoride were 100%.The index of high over-limit ratio were total coliform bacteria（50.76%）,thermotolerant coliforms（33.33%）,total microbial count（21.97%）,turbidity（11.36%） and PH value（24.24%）.The turbidity,PH value,total coliforms bacteria,thermotolerant coliforms of distributed water supply was higher than the centralized water supply（P0.05）.The total microbial count of centralized water supply was higher than distributed water supply（P0.05）.Conclusions There are many problems exist in sanitation of drinking water in rural areas,especially microbial contaminate.Management of water sources and disinfection work can not carry out effectively were the main reasons for microbiological indicators exceed.Therefore,it is important to reinforce management and disinfection work in rural areas.

关 键 词：饮用水 监测 微生物 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]