稠油中胶质稳定分散沥青质的作用研究  

Dispersing effect of resins on asphaltenes in crude oil

作　　者：程亮[1] 李纪晖[1] 孙晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610500

出　　处：《西安石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期64-70,120,共7页Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金："863"计划海洋领域重点项目"渤海油田聚合物驱提高采收率技术研究"项目子课题"聚合物在线溶解和聚合物驱改善技术研究"(编号:2007AA090701-3);国家重大专项"海上稠油化学驱油技术"(编号:2008ZX05024-02)联合资助部分研究成果

摘　　要：应用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、Zata电位分析了3种稠油沥青质、胶质颗粒表面杂原子官能团的类型、含量及其溶液ζ电位;通过13C-NMR、荧光光谱分析定量确定了3种胶质缩合芳环、烷基侧链结构参数及其临界聚集浓度(CAC);采用紫外-可见光谱(UV-V is)测定添加胶质前后沥青质甲苯-正庚烷溶液中沥青质浓度的变化进而分析了不同胶质对沥青质的分散稳定作用;以此探讨胶质电性质及分子结构参数与沥青质分散稳定性之间的内在联系.结果表明:沥青质/胶质在有机溶剂中所带电荷来自表面金属阳离子的离解和酸、碱性官能团去质子作用.根据胶质对沥青质的稳定情况,带同种电荷的沥青质对胶质形成的电荷库仑排斥力对胶质在其表面的吸附影响并不明显,说明沥青质/胶质间缩合芳环产生的范德华力大于库仑排斥力.胶质分子结构参数是影响沥青质胶体稳定性的主要因素;胶质缩合芳环和烷基侧链结构越多,极性越大,分散稳定沥青质效果越好;沥青质极性越大,其受胶质影响的分散指数越高.The type and the amount of the functional groups on the surface of asphaltene/resin particle of three kinds of crude oil are analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The z potential of asphaltene/resin solution is measured through Zeta probe instrument.The average molecular parameters of the resins and the critical aggregate concentration (cac) are determined based on the analysis of 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and fluorescence spectrum.The stabilization performance of resins to asphaltene is evaluated according to the concentration of asphaltene in toluene-n-heptane solution,which is measured by UV-vis spectroscopy.The relationship between the electric property and the average molecular parameters of resins and the dispersing stability of asphaltene is discussed.The results show that the charge of asphaltenes/resins derives from the dissociation of metal ions and the deprotonation of acid groups or basic groups on surface.According to the dispersing effect of resins on asphaltene,the influence of the Coulomb repulsive force between asphaltenes and resins with the same type of charge on the adsorption effect of resins on the surface of asphaltenes is little,which illustrates that the intermolecular van der Waals force from the condensed aromatics between asphaltenes and resins is stronger than the Coulomb repulsive force.The average molecular parameter of the resins is the main factor of influencing the colloidal stability of asphaltenes.The more the number of the condensed aromatics and the aliphatic chains of resins and the larger the polarity of resins,the better the dispersing effect of resins on asphaltene.The larger the polarity of asphaltenes,the higher the dispersing index of resins on asphaltenes.

关 键 词：稠油 胶质 沥青质 吸附 分散 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE345