中国毛茛科植物小志(廿三)  

Notulae de Ranunculaceis sinensibus (ⅩⅩⅢ

作　　者：王文采[1] 李良千[1] 王筝 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放研究实验室

出　　处：《植物分类学报》1999年第3期209-219,共11页Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：（１）对升麻族铁破锣属、黄三七属、疏花升麻属、升麻属和类叶升麻属的重要区别特征进行分析之后认为铁破锣属在此族居于原始地位，其他四属互相有清楚、稳定的区别特征，是四个独立的属，应予保持，因此不同意英国学者Ｊ．Ａ．Ｃｏｍｐｔｏｎ将黄三七属和升麻属并入类叶升麻属的处理。（２）由于过去被鉴定为ＣｉｍｉｃｉｆｕｇａｆｏｅｔｉｄａＬ．的中国居群与分布于亚洲北部的真正的Ｃ．ｆｏｅｔｉｄａＬ．除了花序不同部分开花时间上的区别之外无其他重要区别，遂将此中国居群作为Ｃ．ｆｏｅｔｉｄａＬ．位于其分布区南部的一个地理变种。（３）描述了翠雀属３新种，铁线莲属１新种１新变种。In this paper, differences among the five genera constituting the tribe Cimicifugeae of the family Ranunculaceae are discussed. Beesia, the first genus, with compound cymes and flowers bearing neither petals nor staminodes, is different from the other four genera with simple or compound racemes and flowers bearing either petals or staminodes, and may occupy a primitive position within the tribe. As to the other four genera, Souliea is characterized by the stem without basal leaf but with 2～5 sheath like cataphylls, the sepals being deciduous but not caducous, moderate in size and petaloid, the petals being much smaller than sepals, but pink in color and more or less petaloid, the pollen grains being pantocolpate or pantoporate, the carpels being 1～3 per flower, when mature forming dry linear follicles conspicuously reticulate on the surface and dehiscent along the ventral suture, and the seeds being reticulate foveolate on the surface. These diagnostic characters indicate clearly that Souliea might have deviated from the lineage formed by the next three genera, i. e. Anemopsis, Cimicifuga, and Actaea, which have their own well recognizable diagnostic characters. Anemopsis is characterized by the normally developed basal leaf, the racemose inflorescence with sparse and few long pedicellate flowers, the sepals 7～10 in number, moderate in size, and petaloid, the petals slightly smaller than sepals, the tricolpate pollen grains, the carpels 2～4 per flower, stalked, when mature forming dry oblong follicles with transverse veins on the surface, and the seeds with scaly membranous wings. Cimicifuga is distinguished by the normally developed basal leaf, the caducous, small, often sepaloid sepals, the organs of the second floral whorl sometimes with empty sterile anthers being staminodes not petals, the tricolpate pollen grains, the carpels 1～8 per flower, when mature forming dry oblong or ovoid follicles with transverse veins on the surface, and the seeds usually with scaly membranous wing

关 键 词：铁破锣属 黄三七属 疏花升麻属 分类学 中国 

分 类 号：Q949.746.5[生物学—植物学]