出生前人脑海马结构含GABA神经元的分布和发育  

DISTRIBUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF GABA CONTAINING NEURONS IN THE HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION OF PRENATAL HUMAN BRAIN

作　　者：郑德枢[1] 陈二云 丁松林[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院神经科学研究所,广州510182 [2]美国芝加哥医学中心神经科学研究室

出　　处：《神经解剖学杂志》1999年第2期132-136,共5页Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy

摘　　要：本实验采用免疫细胞化学方法研究了１４～３８ 周人胎海马结构含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元的分布和发育。主要结果有：（１）早在１４周时便有许多含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元分布于海马和齿状回各部；（２）１４～２２ 周海马脑室带和中间带含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元的密度逐渐减少，２２ 周及以后这两部位仅见少量含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元，其它层含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元的密度在出生前发育过程中呈现先逐渐减少，后逐渐增加，最后又下降的规律；（３）在各发育阶段，含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元主要分布于海马的锥体层、始层以及齿状回的多形层和门区，而含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元的密度由ＣＡ１ 区向ＣＡ３ 区逐渐降低；（４）许多含ＧＡＢＡ 纤维出现于１４～２２ 周海马分子腔隙层及１８～３８ 周海马始层；（５）在各发育阶段，海马伞内可见许多含ＧＡＢＡ 纤维和少量含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元。以上结果提示：人类海马结构在胚胎时期含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元的出现和分化较早，且在发育过程中至少部分含ＧＡＢＡ 神经元和纤维的存在是暂时性的；至少部分传出纤维含有ＧＡＢＡ。The distribution and development of GABA containing neurons in the hippocampal formation of huamn fetuses at weeks 14～38 were investigated with immunocytochemical method. The main results were: (1)Many GABA containing neurons were distributed in all parts of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus at the early stage, week 14. (2)The density of GABA containing neurons in the ventricular zone and intermediate zone gradually decreased during weeks 14～22. At week 22 and thereafter, only a few GABA containing neurons were detected in these two zones. The density of GABA containing neurons in other layers showed a decline increase decline pattern during prenatal development. (3)At each stage, GABA containing neurons were mainly located in the pyramidale layer, oriens layer of the hippocampus, and the polymorphic layer and hilar region of the dentate gyrus. The density of GABA containing neurons were gradually decreased from CA1 to CA3. (4)Many GABA containing fibers were found in the lacunosum moleculare layer at weeks 14～22 and in the oriens layer at weeks 18～38. (5)At each stage, many GABA containing fibers and a few GABA containing neurons were detected in the fimbria. These results suggest that in human hippocampal formation, (1)GABA containing neurons differentiate early, (2)at least part of GABA containing neurons and fibers are transient during development, (3)at least a part of efferent fibers of the hippocampus contain GABA. (Figure 2 on plate 22)

关 键 词：GABA神经元 出生前 发育 海马 人脑 

分 类 号：R321.5[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]