四种生态型芦苇叶片结构的研究  

A Study on the Leaf Structure of Four Reed Ecotypes 

作　　者：郑文菊[1,2] 王双[1,2] 张承烈[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生物系 [2]甘肃省分析测试中心

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1999年第6期580-584,共5页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：采用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对４种生态型芦苇（ＰｈｒａｇｍｉｔｅｓｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｓＴｒｉｎ．）叶解剖结构及叶脉维管束鞘细胞超微结构进行了观察研究。结果表明，沼泽芦苇维管束鞘细胞内含物较少，维管束鞘细胞叶绿体呈近圆形，超微结构与典型Ｃ３植物小麦鞘细胞的相似，基粒发育退化，不含淀粉粒；沙丘芦苇鞘细胞内含物较多，鞘细胞叶绿体呈近椭圆形，超微结构与典型Ｃ４植物玉米的相似，具有不发达的基粒；重度盐化草甸芦苇鞘细胞内含物则较沼泽芦苇多，而较沙丘芦苇少，鞘细胞叶绿体形态、超微结构与沙丘芦苇相似；轻度盐化草甸芦苇鞘细胞内含物与沙丘芦苇相似，但是，其鞘细胞含有与沼泽芦苇鞘细胞内叶绿体形态相似的近圆形以及与沙丘芦苇和重度盐化草甸芦苇鞘细胞内形态相似的近椭圆形两种形态的叶绿体。表明生长在同一地区不同环境中的４种生态型芦苇的光合结构发生了深刻的变异，表现出从Ｃ３向Ｃ４进化的明显趋势。The leaf anatomy and ultrastructure of the vascular bundle sheath cells of four ecotypes of reed (Phragmites communis Trin.) were observed with light and electron microscope. The four ecotypes were the swamp reed, dune reed, heavy salt meadow reed and the light salt meadow reed. It was shown that the intracellular content of the vascular bundle sheath cells of the swamp reed was lower than that of the dune reed; that of the heavy salt meadow reed was between that of the former two reeds and that of the light salt meadow reed and that of the light salt meadow reed was similar to the dune reed. The chloroplasts in the swamp reed were round_shaped with poorly developed grana. Starch grains were not visualized. The ultrastructure of their chloroplasts were similar to those in the typical C 3 plants as wheat. By contrast, the chloroplasts in the vascular bundle cells of the dune reed were elliptical with their structure similar to that of the typical C 4 plants as maize. These chloroplasts contained some poorly developed grana thykloid. The chloroplasts of the vascular bundle sheath cells in the heavy salt meadow reed were similar to those seen in the dune reed, however, those in the light salt meadow reed appeared to be both round and elliptical in shape. The above results suggested a great habitat variation did occur among the four ecotypes of reed in which these exists an obvious evolutional trend from C 3 to C 4 plants.

关 键 词：芦苇 生态型 光合结构 叶绿体 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q949.714.2[生物学—植物学]