梯度减除颖花对水稻弱势粒稻米品质的影响  

Effect of Gradient-reducing Spikelet on Rice Qualities of Inferior Grain

作　　者：呼楠[1] 吕文彦[1] 高燕[1] 邵国军[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省农业科学院稻作研究所,沈阳110101

出　　处：《北方水稻》2011年第1期4-8,共5页North Rice

基　　金：北方粳稻遗传育种生理生态实验室开放项目(06-03);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20032092);辽宁省教育厅科研基金(2009A637)

摘　　要：通过梯度减除上部颖花(减库)处理,研究稻穗下部二次枝梗(弱势粒)籽粒外观和碾磨品质的变化,并分析了logistics方程模拟籽粒灌浆过程的有关参数与稻米品质的相关性,以明确籽粒自身活性对品质的影响。结果表明:自然状态下,稻穗下部弱势粒较各部位强势粒在粒长、粒宽、粒厚、糙米率、精米率及整精米率等性状存在显著差异;仅保留稻穗下部枝梗能使弱势粒的粒长、粒宽、糙米率、精米率、整精米率得到显著改良,但弱势粒的有关性状基本没有达到强势粒水平;简单相关分析表明,粒形与灌浆时间极显著负相关,与灌浆速率极显著正相关,碾磨品质与灌浆中、后期持续期及整个灌浆持续期显著负相关,与灌浆速率相关不显著。可见,稻穗下部弱势粒稻米品质较差与营养物质供应无必然联系,籽粒内部固有的生理活性可能是导致粒间品质差异的主要原因。The experiment was conducted to study the change of appearance and milling qualities of inferior grain,which is located on the secondary branches of lower part ear,by gradient-reducing spikelet（reducing sink）,and analysis the correlation between rice qualities and filling parameters during the progress of grain filling,to affirming the effect of grain itself activity on rice qualities.The result showed： in a natural state,there is a significantly difference between inferior grain of lower part ear and other superior grains in several seed traits,such as grain length（GL）,grain width（GW）,grain thick（GT）,brown rice rate（BR）,milled rice rate（MR） and head rice rate（HR）.When we only kept the branches of lower part ear,it can obtain significantly improved of rice qualities in inferior grain,for example GL,GW,BR,MR and HR,but it still had a great difference with superior grains.3.Correlation analysis showed that grain shape had a highly significantly negative correlation with grain filling duration,but had a greatly positive correlation with filling rate.Furthermore,there was significant negative correlation between milling qualities and mid-late grain-filling stage and whole filling duration,but had not obviously correlation with filling rate.So,the poor rice qualities of inferior grain had not necessarily linked with the supply of the nutriment,physiological activity of grain itself might be a major reason for the difference of rice qualities in different grain locations.

关 键 词：水稻 库强度 弱势粒 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]