岷江上游油松与云杉人工林土壤微生物生物量及其影响因素  

Soil microbial biomass and the influencing factors under Pinus tabulaeformis and Picea asperata plantations in the upper Minjiang River

作　　者：江元明[1,2] 庞学勇[1] 包维楷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所生态恢复重点实验室,成都610041 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第3期801-811,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB2-02);国家自然科学基金(40701181;30972350);中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室以及生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室共同资助

摘　　要：以立地条件和营林方式相同的约30a林龄油松与云杉人工纯林为对象,测定地表微气候、土壤理化性质以及微生物生物量C、N、P(MBC、MBN、MBP),揭示林分结构、土壤性质与微生物生物量间的关系,以及两林分间的差异性。结果表明:两个林分地表环境荫湿,土壤肥力较低,土壤微生物生物量低,林地土壤碳积累低,土壤生态服务功能不强。相对而言,云杉林比油松林相对湿度大而地表温度低、林地土壤肥力高、土壤微生物生物量高,因此更有利于林地土壤生态服务功能的恢复。综合分析发现,林分结构、土壤养分状况及地表小气候影响着土壤微生物生物量与肥力转换过程,降低乔木冠层密度可以改善地表小气候,为有机物分解与养分归还创造良好的条件,从而改善土壤肥力与林地土壤生态服务功能。Pinus tabulaeformis and Picea asperata plantations are extensively distributed in the upper Minjiang River,western Sichuan.They became representative low-benefit forests at present which display low biodiversity and productivity,poor soil fertility,vulnerable to forest disturbances and difficult for new species to immigration. We selected two typical plantations with about 30-year-old and uniform in habitats and afforestation management to investigate microclimate under forest,stand structure,soil properties and soil microbial biomass.Through comparing the differences in microclimate under forest,soil properties and soil microbial biomass between pine and spruce plantations,we aimed to illustrate whether there are different effects on soil quality and forest microclimate bwteen pine and spruce plantations.It is well known that microbial biomass is clearly important to a series of soil process and sensitive to change in soil texture and environmental conditions,and forest microclimate and soil properties are very important factors controlled microbial biomass.Therefore,we examined the correlation between soil microbial biomass,forest microclimate,soil properties and stand structure to find out the key factors which control soil microbial biomass in pine and spruce plantations in the upper Minjiang River.The present study provides foundational data for management and promotion of soil function restoration under forest plantations,especially low efficiency forest as pine and spruce plantations in the upper Minjiang River. Air temperature and relative humidity were measured at 5 cm above ground on three plots separately in the two forest plantations.Stand structure including tree DBH,height,tree density,tree cover,shrub cover,herb cover,litter cover and so on was investigated in nine pine plantation plots（10m×12m） and twelve spruce plantations plots（10m×12m）.Soil samples were collected at different layer（0-10 cm,11-20 cm,21-30 cm） in nine plots under pine plantation and twelve plots under spruce plantat

关 键 词：土壤微生物生物量 油松人工林 云杉人工林 小气候 土壤肥力恢复 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]