溶液燃烧法一步合成纳米NiO和Ni  

Single step solution combustion synthesis of NiO and metal Ni nanocrystals using ethylene glycol as fuel

作　　者：周俊艺[1] 李小慈[1] 姚莹莹[1] 叶帆[1] 杨骏[1] 张渊明[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学化学系,广东广州510632

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2011年第2期234-238,共5页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20676050)

摘　　要：以硝酸镍为氧化剂,乙二醇为燃料,采用溶液燃烧法在300℃合成了纳米NiO和金属Ni。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)系统地研究了不同燃料、燃料/氧化剂比对合成产物的晶相组成和微观形貌的影响。结果表明:燃料种类和燃料/氧化剂比对合成产物晶相组成的影响显著。通过控制乙二醇/硝酸镍的比例,可以在空气气氛中一步分别合成晶粒大小约为30 nm的纯相纳米NiO晶体和金属Ni,而不需要其它焙烧或者还原处理步骤。在300℃,乙二醇燃料过量50%以上可制备得到纳米金属Ni,化学计量比量乙二醇时得到NiO纳米晶,而乙二醇缺50%时产物为无定形粉体。Nano-crystalline Ni/NiO was synthesized by solution combustion method using Ni（NO3）2 as oxidant and ethylene glycol as fuel at 300℃.The effect of fuel and fuel-to-oxidant ratio on the phase composition and morphology of the as-synthesized products were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM） methods.The results showed that fuel and fuel-to-oxidant ratio played an important role in Ni/NiO synthesis.Nickel or NiO nanocrystals with a crystallite size of 30nm could be directly synthesized through solution combustion synthesis by controlling the ethylene glycol-to-oxidant ratio in air atmosphere without further calcination and reducing process.At 300℃,nickel particles and NiO phase were obtained in the fule-rich reaction（≥50%） and stoichiometric-fuel reaction,respectively,while amorphous phase was obtained in the fuel-lean reaction（-50%）.

关 键 词：溶液燃烧法 NIO NI 纳米晶体 乙二醇 

分 类 号：O614.8[理学—无机化学]