冀西北半干旱补灌玉米超高产产量性能研究  

Yield characteristics of spring maize with super-high yield in the irrigatable semiarid area of Hebei

作　　者：吕爱枝[1] 丁成方[1] 王晓波[2] 王美云[2] 赵明[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院农业科学系,河北张家口075000 [2]中国农业科学院作物与种质资源研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2011年第1期168-171,192,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划"粮食丰产科技工程"项目(2006BAD02A13)

摘　　要：以"三合模式"的产量性能定量化(mLAI×D×mNAR×HI=EN×GN×GW)为基础,于2007年针对冀西北雨养补灌玉米进行高产挖潜的研究。结果表明:通过有效密植高产栽培,冀西北雨养补灌地区玉米获得了高于1.845×104kg/hm2的产量,其产量性能为:全生育期平均叶面积系数(mLAI)达4.22,全生育期(D)为149 d,平均净同化率(mNAR)达5.54 g/(m2.d),收获指数(HI)维持0.53左右;在选择耐密性品种的基础上,密度(EN)达91 800株/hm2,穗粒数(GN)528粒/穗,千粒重(GW)384.75 g。由此可见,冀西北雨养补灌地区玉米获得高产突破是产量性能综合指标优化配合,其中密植条件下维持光合性能与产量构成的有效配置是十分重要的。The theory of three-combination structure was composed in yield components,photosynthetic characteristics and source-sink characteristics.On the basis of the three combination structures,a field trial was conducted to reveal the relationship among photosynthetic characteristics and yield component factors and yield potential of Denghai 601 hybrid with high yield potential beyond 18 450 kg/hm^2 in the rain-fed and compensatory irrigation farming region of northwest Hebei province.The results showed that the variety was tolerant in density.Plant density was 91 800 plant/hm^2.Mean leaf area index（mLAI） was 4.22,which was high in the stage of economic yield shaping.Average net assimilation rate（mNAR） was 5.54 g/（m^2·d）.The harvest index was 0.53. The number of grains of every ear was 528.The weight of thousand of grains was 384.75 g.In the three combination structure,at the meantime,yield components and photosynthetic characteristics should play an important role in yield.

关 键 词：玉米 三合模式 超高产 半干旱区 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]