沼液预处理对小麦秸秆厌氧发酵产气特性的影响  

Effect of biogas slurry pretreatment on biogas production characteristics of anaerobic fermentation of wheat straw

作　　者：楚莉莉[1,2] 李轶冰[1,2] 冯永忠[3,2] 杨改河[3,2] 任广鑫[3,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2011年第1期247-251,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：十一五科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B16);陕西省13115重大科技计划项目(2009ZDKG-03);国家自然科学基金(30700482)

摘　　要：以沼液预处理0、3、69、d的小麦秸秆为原料,以未经处理的小麦秸秆作为对照进行厌氧发酵,同时还研究了发酵液的pH值、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）和总碱度的变化。结果表明,预处理后小麦秸秆的碳氮比下降到20~30∶1;与对照相比,预处理后的小麦秸秆产气速率显著增大,产气高峰出现时间提前;随着预处理时间（0、3、6、9 d）的增长,单位挥发性固体（VS）累积产气量分别为99.9,115.3,149.4,131.4 mL/g,甲烷平均含量为64%~71%,VS去除率为17.1%~25.7%;在所设预处理时间内,预处理6 d的产气效果最好。进一步的研究表明,各个预处理的发酵原料总碱度与对照相比均处在较高的水平,能有效缓冲发酵前期发酵液酸度,使得大量VFA分解,增大产气速率和产气量。Experiments were carried out in controllable constant-temperature fermentation equipment,in which wheat straws that pretreated by biogas slurry for 0,3,6 d and 9 d were used as the digestion material,and no-treatment was used as control.The results showed that,the C/N ration of wheat straw decreased to 20～30∶1.The biogas production rates of pretreated wheat straws increased more significantly compared with control.With the elongation of pretreated time,the cumulative biogas yields increased,which were 99.9,115.3,149.4 mL/g and 131.4 mL/g VS,and the maximum cumulative biogas yield was made under 6 d pretreatment that was much more then control.The average methane content of pretreated wheat straws were between 64% and 71%,and the VS reduction were between 17.1% and 25.7%.In addition,the total alkalinity of pretreated wheat straws was higher than control,the buffering capacity was strong and VFA decomposition was fast,which resulting in higher biogas production rates at the anaerobic fermentation prophase.Thus biogas slurry pretreatment has a significant effect on increasing biogas production rate of wheat straw.

关 键 词：生物预处理 沼液 小麦秸秆 沼气 厌氧消化 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X382[农业科学—农业工程]