微囊藻毒素在滇池螺蛳各组织中的积累及动态分布  

BIOACCUMULATION OF MICROCYSTINS IN VARIOUS TISSUES OF THE FRESHWATER SNAIL MARGARYA MELANIOIDES(AN ENDEMIC SPECIE OF YUNNAN PROVINCE)FROM A LARGE SHALLOW PLATEAU LAKE,THE EUTROPHIC LAKE DIANCHI,CHINA

作　　者：张君倩[1,2] 谢志才[1] 王智[1,2] 宋立荣[1] 李林[1] 甘南琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2011年第2期179-184,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“水体污染的控制与治理”(2008ZX07102-005,2008ZX07105-004);中国科学院重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-426);NSFC-云南联合基金(U0833604);淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室(2009FB16)联合资助

摘　　要：螺蛳是我国的一种特有腹足类,主要分布于云南省的高原湖泊中,是重要的经济螺类。为了探讨微囊藻毒素(MC)在螺蛳各组织中的分布及季节动态规律,于2008年1月及5～10月间按月采集滇池螺蛳样品,用酶联免疫检测法(Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay,ELISA)检测了肝脏、消化道、性腺及肌肉中MC含量。结果表明,MC在螺蛳的肝胰腺、消化道、性腺及肌肉中MC的含量均值分别为3.38±1.90、2.72±1.63、1.23±0.97和0.35±0.43μg/g DW;统计分析表明肝胰腺和消化道中MC含量无显著差异,但两者显著高于性腺,性腺显著高于肌肉。MC在各组织中含量最高月份出现在7月,含量最低月份出现在5月。相关性分析表明,性腺和肌肉组织中MC含量与周围环境水体中总MC含量之间显著正相关。按照WHO推荐的人体每日可允许摄入量TDI(≤0.04μg/kg人体重)标准进行推算发现,食用螺蛳可能存在潜在的风险。Margarya melanioides Nevill,an important economic mollusk,is an endemic gastropod in China,and mainly distributes in plateau lakes of Yunnan Province.In order to investigate the bioaccumulation of microcystins（MCs）in various tissues of Margarya melanioides,the snail samples were collected monthly in January and from May to Octomber,2008.Microcystins contents in hepatopancreas,digestive tracts,gonads and muscle were measured with ELISA.During the study period,the average of the MCs contents in hepatopancreas,digestive tracts,gonad and muscle of Margarya melanioides were 3.38±1.90,2.72±1.63,1.23±0.97 and 0.35±0.43 μg/g DW,respectively.MCs contents in hepatopancreas had no significant difference with MCs contents in digestive tracts.MCs contents in these two tissues were significant higher than those in gonad,and that in gonad tracts were significant higher than those in muscle.The highest microcystins levels of various tissues occurred in July,and the lowest contents occurred in May.MCs contents in hepatopancreas and in gonad had significant positive correlation with the total MCs concentrations in surrounding water columns.According WHO proposed a provisional tolerable daily intake（TDI） of 0.04 μg/kg bw per day for MC-LR to estimate,considering an adult of 60 kg,who ingests,on the average,0.3 kg of snail muscle or 0.3 kg of snail gonad a day,the contents in edible parts of Margarya melanioides were above the provisional WHO TDI level,suggesting the risk of consuming Margarya melanioides in Lake Dianchi.

关 键 词：微囊藻毒素 螺蛳 生物积累 滇池 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]