基于本体的突发事件应急决策知识模型研究  

Emergency decision-making knowledge model based on the theory of ontology

作　　者：张静[1,2] 刘茂[1] 王悦[3] 刘付衍华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学城市公共安全研究中心,天津300071 [2]天津城市建设学院能源与机械工程系,天津300384 [3]北京航空航天大学计算机学院,北京100191

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第1期237-241,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金："十一五"科技支撑计划课题(200603746006)

摘　　要：应急决策是突发公共事件应急管理过程中最为关键的环节。目前应急决策主要依赖事先制定的应急预案,这种方法比较全面、规范,但缺乏灵活性。针对这一问题,引入本体论的概念,将突发事件应急决策相关的知识整合为领域本体,并借助语义检索技术,实现应急决策相关知识的查询和推理。最后利用Java web相关技术,开发了一个应急决策知识模型的原型系统。该系统摆脱了应急预案等静态文本的固定格式,更强调概念和概念间的关系,比传统的应急预案更为灵活。Emergency decision-making is the most critical part in emergency management. Timely and effective decision can control the development of the urgent situation and reduce its harm. At present, emergency decision-making mostly depends on the pre-established emergency plans. Though the method is comprehensive and standardized, yet, it proves not flexible and unreliable. Especially for some unconventional emergencies like ＂9.11＂ terrorist attacks or ＂5.12＂ Wenchuan earthquake, for it is hard to find reference because of the rarity of the emergencies. Besides, it is hard to get enough information to deal with the situation with no sufficient experience. To solve this problem, this paper has established a knowledge model based on the concept of ontology, which helps to describe the relationship between concepts with its semantic properties and doing semantic searching. The so-called knowledge model is a tool for organizing and representing the knowledge items comprehensively and accurately, which pays more attention to the inherent relations between the related concepts and helps to provide a more flexible decision-making support. Firstly, we have set up an emergency domain ontology by extracting the concepts and their relationships from the emergency documents. Protege is used in this process. Then, the storage, query and reasoning of the domain ontology can be realized by Semantic Web framework, known as Jena. Jena is a Jave-based Web development toolkit. In this process, we have chosen MyEclipse as Java development platform, MySQL as system database, and SPARQL as the query language. At last, an emergency decision knowledge model prototype has been developed by using Jave Web development tools like JSP and JavaBean. Thus, it can be seen that the model has made breakthrough from the fixed formats of static text by attaching more attention to the relationships among the mutually related concepts, which proves to be more flexible than emergency plans and more suitable for emergency decision-making.

关 键 词：安全工程 语义检索 应急决策 本体论 知识模型 

分 类 号：X92[环境科学与工程—安全科学]