农村生活能源消费的环境效应及影响因素分析  

Analysis on environmental effect of rural energy consumption and its influence factors

作　　者：杨振[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2011年第1期268-272,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(CCNU09A01016)

摘　　要：该文利用排放因子法估算中国各省区农村生活能源消费排放的主要温室气体(CO2、CH4和N2O)数量,计算相应的生态足迹作为其环境效应的表征指标,并采用IPAT等式的随机形式——STIRPAT(stochastic impacts by regression on population,affluence and technology)模型考察农村人口、富裕和技术因素对用能环境效应的影响作用。结果表明:1)中国农村不同类型的生活用能足迹空间差异显著,电力足迹占据绝对优势地位,沼气足迹比例最小;2)农村人口规模是用能足迹最为显著的正向影响因子,富裕水平的影响作用因用能类型不同而异,对薪柴、秸秆和煤炭足迹的影响作用不甚明显,对沼气足迹有显著负向作用,对电力足迹和用能总足迹有显著正向影响;3)农村生活用能技术生态效益省际差异较大,多个省区存在较大的技术提升空间。该研究结果能够为制订有效的节能减排策略提供科学依据。Emission factors were used to estimate quantity of greenhouse gas emissions from rural household energy consumption in each province of China. And the corresponding ecological footprint was regarded as the indicator of environmental effect. STIRPAT （Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population,Affluence and Technology） model was used to analyze the influence of population,affluence and technology on the environmental effect. The results showed that：（1） The difference was significant about the footprint of different energy consumed by rural households. The footprint of power consumption was absolutely dominant and the footprint of biogas consumption was the smallest; （2） The population size was the most significant positive factor of energy footprint. And there wasn＇t obvious influence of affluence on firewood,straw and coal footprint. The influence on biogas footprint was significantly negative,but it was positive on the power footprint and the total footprint. （3） There was a great provincial difference about ecological benefits in technology which had large possible to improve. The results can provide a scientific basis for the strategy of rural energy-saving emission reduction in China.

关 键 词：农村地区 能源利用 效益 生态足迹 因素 模型 

分 类 号：S210.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]