复垦土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险评价  

Potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in reclaimed soils

作　　者：樊文华[1] 白中科[2] 李慧峰[1,3] 乔俊耀[1] 许建伟[1] 李霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,太谷030801 [2]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [3]咸阳师范学院继续教育学院,咸阳712000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2011年第1期348-354,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：教育部高等学校科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目(706011);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目专题(2006BAC09B02-6)

摘　　要：为揭示矿区复垦土壤中重金属元素潜在的污染特征,采用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数(The Potential Ecological Risk Index),对安太堡露天煤矿复垦土壤中Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,Hg,As等6种污染元素进行了分析,研究了露天煤矿复垦土壤重金属污染程度及潜在的生态危害性。结果表明:安太堡露天煤矿不同复垦时间和复垦模式下不同层次的复垦土壤的综合污染程度范围为8.29～16.90,平均值为10.72,处于中等的污染程度。重金属潜在风险指数在131.43～331.03之间,平均191.68,生态风险达到了中等程度,特别是复垦13年的南排1420退化平台,综合潜在生态风险指数为331.03,达到了较高程度。0～40cm土层的潜在生态风险综合评价属于中度的潜在生态风险。Hg是主要的污染因子,其对潜在的生态风险指数所贡献的比例达到了72.5%～84.62%。其余重金属的生态风险较低。因此,在安太堡露天煤矿复垦土壤中,Hg是最主要的潜在污染因子,应采取一定的措施,防止Hg的污染。应用该体系对复垦土壤重金属污染生态风险评价所得的结论同其它研究结果互为补充和借鉴。In order to research the potential pollution characteristics of heavy metals in reclaimed soil and to keep the ecological safety of the reclaimed soil,heavy metal elements Hg,Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Cr were quantitatively analyzed in the reclaimed soils at Antaibao opencast mine. The potential ecological risk and pollution degree of the heavy metals in reclaimed soil were evaluated using Hakanson ecological risk index. The results were summarized as follows：The entire research area was contaminated by Hg and Cu. The degree of contamination ranged from 8.29 to 16.90,with an average of 10.72,which was at medium level. The potential ecological risk index was between 131.43 and 331.03,most of them were at medium level; but the potential ecological risk index in 0～20cm layer of reclaimed soil of Southern 1420 deteriorated platform was 331.03,which was at higher level. The potential ecological risk indexes were at medium level in 0-40cm layer of reclaimed soil with different reclamation year and different reclamation patterns. Hg was the worst of the potential ecological risk genes in reclaimed soil at Antaibao opencast mine. Therefore,some measures should be adopted to control pollution of mercury. The results from this evaluation can be used as a complement reference to other study results.

关 键 词：复垦土壤 重金属 评价 潜在生态风险评价 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]