基于生物质稻秸气化的催化剂研究  

STUDY ON CATALYSTS FOR RICE STRAW GASIFICATION

作　　者：谢大幸[1] 肖军[1] 谢玉荣[1] 沈来宏[1] 朱进[1] 赵坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院热能工程研究所,南京210096

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2011年第1期8-13,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50306002;20590367);国家重点基础研究(973)发展规划(2007CB210208;2010CB732206);新世纪人才支持计划项目(NCET-05-0470)

摘　　要：利用浸渍法和沉淀法分别制备了Ni/Al_2O_3(NiAlI)和Ni/白云石(NiDoP)两类生物质气化催化剂,采用氢气还原热重实验和固定床气化实验对两类催化剂进行性能验证,分析了催化剂制备方法、活性组分、还原温度、负载量、还原度、比表面积等因素对气化效果的影响。结果显示沉淀法制备的NiDoP中Ni以Mg_(0.4)Ni_(0.6)O固溶体形式存在,其适宜的还原温度范围为400～600℃,浸渍法制备的NiAlI中Ni以NiAl_2O_4形式存在,其适宜的还原温度范围为800～900℃。500℃还原后的20NiDoP较20NiAlI具有更好的催化性能,900℃时20NiDoPA催化下的氢产率达34mol/(kg daf),碳转化率达96%。添加5%K_2CO_3改性后的20NiDoP催化剂中,K_2O在气化过程中起了显著的催化作用。此外,在生物质气化催化剂制备过程中需综合考虑比表面积和负载量的相互关系。Two types of biomass gasification catalysts （Ni/dolomite and Ni/Al2O3） were prepared by impregnation and precipitation methods, respectively. The performance of catalysts verification experiments were carried out by using of H2- TGA and fixed bed gasifier. And the effects of the factors such as catalyst preparation methods, active components, reduction temperature, loading amount, reduction degree and specific surface area were analyzed. The results showed that the Mg0.4 Ni0.6 O structure is formed in the Ni/dolomite （NiDoP） catalyst prepared by precipitation method, and its suitable reduction temperature range was 400-600℃, while the NiAl2O4 structure is formed in the Ni/Al2O3 （NiAII） catalyst prepared by the impregnation method, and its reduction temperature range is 800-900℃. 20NiDoP reduced at 500℃ had a better catalytic performance than 20NiAlI, the H2 yield reached 34mol/（kg daf）, and the carbon conversion rate reached 96% with the 20NiDoPA catalyst at 900℃ K20 in 20Ni5KDoPB catalyst modified by adding 5% K2CO3 played a remarkable role in the gasification process. In addition, the relationship between the specific surface area and loading amount should be significantly considered in the biomass gasification preparation process.

关 键 词：生物质气化 催化剂 催化性能 碳转化率 还原度 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]