收缩式洞塞泄洪洞的消能和空化特性  

Energy dissipation and cavitation characteristics of contracted plug in discharge tunnel

作　　者：余挺[1] 田忠[1] 王韦[1] 许唯临[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《水利学报》2011年第2期211-217,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家973计划资助项目(2007CB714105);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50809043)

摘　　要：本文结合某大型水电工程,采用试验和数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了收缩式洞塞泄洪洞的消能特性和空化特性。常压模型试验表明,通过设置两级洞塞及其他附属设施,整个泄洪洞总消能率超过了67.3%,两级洞塞的总消能率达到36.0%,洞塞的消能效果十分显著。减压实验表明,通过对洞塞体型的精细优化,泄洪洞有压段可以避免发生空化,洞塞本身具备一定的抗空化能力。通过数值模拟,揭示了泄洪洞有压段的流速场、压力场特性,直观地表明洞塞的突缩突扩作用形成了大体积的水流紊动,从而达到消能的目的。The hydraulic characteristics of a contracted plug discharge tunnel in a large scale hydropower project were studied by model test and numerical simulation.The results are as follows： the energy dissipation rate of the plug discharge tunnel is larger than 67.3% and the energy dissipation rate for two plugs reaches 36.0%,the effect of energy dissipation of plugs is remarkable.The characteristics of cavitation for the tunnel were experimentally studied in vacuum tank.The results show that cavitation was not detected in the pressure tunnel.The flow fields and pressure fields were attained by numerical simulation.The plugs result in large scale turbulent flow in the pressure tunnel and energy dissipation occurred.

关 键 词：洞塞泄洪洞 消能 空化 数值模拟 模型试验 

分 类 号：TV652.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]