室内空气中颗粒物污染特征研究  

Study on pollution characteristics of particulate matter in indoor air

作　　者：徐亚[1,2] 赵金平[1] 陈进生[1] 张福旺[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2011年第1期52-56,60,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

摘　　要：为获得室内空气颗粒物污染特征,2009年8月18～24日在某单位工作及生活区选取4个室内点和1个室外点进行颗粒物采样和成分分析。结果表明,室内粗颗粒(PM10)符合《室内空气质量标准》(GB/T 18883—2002),而细粒子(PM2.5)的浓度水平较高,表明室内PM2.5的污染较重;室内与室外PM2.5比值显示,PM2.5污染没有明显的室内源;食堂和会议室PM2.5中的有机碳与元素碳(OC/EC)浓度较其他3个室内采样点要高,与厨房烹饪和室内装修有关,二次有机气溶胶对5个采样点颗粒物浓度都有较大的贡献;Cr、Mn、Cu、Zn、Ni、Pb、Mg、Fe、Al 9种重金属在室外颗粒物中的浓度基本高于室内,富集因子计算结果显示,室内外PM2.5中Cr、Cu、Ni 3种重金属元素均有显著富集。NO-3、SO24-、Na+、NH+4为PM2.5中主要的水溶性离子。The particulate matter in four indoor sites and one outdoor site was collected for 7 days to study the pollution characteristics of particulate matter in indoor air.The chemical composition of these particulate samples was analyzed.Results showed that the indoor PM10 could meet the standard of the indoor air quality（GB/T 18883-2002）.However,the indoor air was seriously polluted by fine particles for the concentration of PM2.5 was relative high.The indoor and outdoor ratio（I/O） for PM2.5 showed that there was no obvious indoor source of particulate matter existed.The concentration of organic carbon in canteen and meeting room was higher than that in other sites because of household cooking and decoration.The second organic aerosol had great contribute to particulate matter at all five sample sites.The heavy metals in air indoor were higher than that in air outdoor.Cr,Cu and Ni had a significant enrichment,and NO-3,SO2-4,Na＋,NH＋4 were the main water soluble ions in these particulate samples.

关 键 词：室内空气质量 颗粒物 OC/EC 重金属 水溶性离子 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]