江苏沿海地区雾的气候特征及相关影响因子  

Climatic Characteristics of Fog and Its Relevant Influencing Factors over the Coastal Areas of Jiangsu

作　　者：魏建苏[1,2] 朱伟军[1] 严文莲[2] 孙燕[2] 吴洁 刘建文[4] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]江苏省气象台,江苏南京210008 [3]江苏省气象科技服务中心,江苏南京210008 [4]河北省气象科技服务中心,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2010年第6期680-687,共8页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY(QX)2007-6-26);江苏省科技厅社会发展项目(BS2007088);江苏省科技厅社会发展指导性项目(2006556)

摘　　要：利用江苏沿海6个基本气象站49a（1960--2008年）的气象观测资料，对江苏沿海地区雾的时空分布特征和雾过程持续时间等进行了统计分析，并探讨了影响沿海雾生成的相关因子。结果表明：江苏沿海地区雾日数呈江淮地区〉沿江苏南地区〉淮北地区的特点；其年代变化总体是一个先上升后下降的趋势，且21世纪后明显下降；雾日数呈春季和初冬季节多、夏秋季节少的分布特点；一天中雾大部分时段出现在01-09时，春秋季节雾频次最高的时次在早上的06-07时，强浓雾次数在07时（春季）或08时（冬季）前后达到最大；各地雾过程出现的频次随着雾持续时间的增加而减少，持续时间大于6h雾的频次近年来在增加，且雾持续时间极端最长有上升趋势。沿海地区雾绝大多数发生在风速小于等于7m／s的情况下，以1～3m／s最为适宜，多出现在NNE—SSE风情况下。雾季平均海水温度为7．45～22．Based on the meteorological observations at six stations in the coastal areas of Jiangsu from 1960 to 2008 ,the temporal and spatial characteristics of coastal fog,the duration of fog events and its relevant influencing factors are statistically analyzed. Results show that the number of foggy days varies not only from space to space on the basis of annual mean with largest over Jianghuai,then successively less in Yanjiang, Sunan,and least over Huaibei, but also from season to season with more in spring and winter and less in summer and autumn. Among the period of study it also shows a clear interdecadal variation with an increasing tendency during the first several years then after a decreasing tendency, and the significantly decrease appears in the 21st century. The foggy days is more in the spring and beginning of winter,and little in summer and autumn. Generally most fog events in a certain day occur between 0100 and 0900 UTC, but the highest fog frequency appears at 0600-0700 UTC in spring and autumn, and the maximum frequency of severe dense fog appears at nearly 0700 UTC in spring or 0800 UTC in winter. All over the regions of study the frequency of fog occurrence reduces with increase of the duration of the fog event ,but has an increase tendency recently for those fog events which could last for more than 6 hours,and so does the extremely longest persisting time of fog events. The coastal fog most often takes place under the condition that wind speed is ≤7 m/s （best 1-3 m/s） and wind direction is NNE-SSE. In addition,the foggy days in spring and autumn have obvious relevance with the nearby ocean,and the appropriate averaged sea surface temperature （SST） of fog season is between 7.45 and 22. 24 ℃.

关 键 词：雾 气候特征 风速 海温 江苏沿海地区 

分 类 号：P426.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]