基于实测的燃煤电厂细颗粒物排放特性分析与研究  

Fine particle emission characteristics from coal-fired power plants based on field tests

作　　者：王圣[1,2] 朱法华[1] 王慧敏[2] 左漪[1] 孙雪丽[1] 赵秀勇[1] 陈辉[1] 刘钢[2] 

机构地区：[1]国电环境保护研究院,南京210031 [2]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2011年第3期630-635,共6页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家能源局基金资助项目(No.20090417)~~

摘　　要：选取我国6个有代表性的燃煤电厂对烟尘、PM10和PM2.5的排放情况进行实测,根据所测数据计算各电厂对烟尘、PM10和PM2.5除尘效率以及排放因子,并分析得到其排放特性.6个受检燃煤电厂静电除尘及湿法脱硫设备对烟尘总除尘效率最高为99.88%,最低为99.75%,平均去除率为99.82%;除尘前,烟气中PM10含量范围为20.93%～34.98%,平均为25.60%,PM2.5含量范围为2.84%～4.14%,平均为3.39%.经过除尘器和脱硫设备后,PM10和PM2.5在烟尘中的比例分别变为87.54%～95.90%和41.22%～50.31%,平均值分别为91.57%和46.14%.PM2.5占PM10的含量由10.74%～15.90%提高到42.99%～55.14%,平均值由13.48%提高到50.45%;通过除尘、脱硫之后,电厂对PM10的去除率为98.88%～99.62%,平均为99.29%,对PM2.5的去除率为95.68%～98.47%,平均为97.41%;通过与国外燃煤电厂相比,6个受检电厂单位发电量及单位燃料的烟尘排放因子稍大于加拿大及美国燃煤电厂的排放因子水平,PM10和PM2.5的排放因子则远大于后者的排放水平.Six representative coal-fired power plants were selected and monitored for the PM10 and PM2.5 emission from these plants. The dust,PM10 and PM2.5 removal efficiencies and emission factors can be calculated based on the monitoring results,and the emission characteristics can be analyzed. The highest total dust removal efficiency among the 6 examined power plants through ESP （electrostatic precipitator） and FGD （flue gas desulfurization） is 99.88%,while the lowest efficiency is 99.75%,and the average efficiency is 99.82%. Before the ESP procedure,PM10/TSP is 20.93%~34.98%,and the average is 25.60%; PM2.5/TSP is 2.84%~4.14%,and the average is 3.39%. After the ESP and FGD procedure,PM10/TSP is 87.54%~95.90%,and the average is 91.57%; PM2.5/TSP is 41.22%~50.31%,and the average is 46.14%. PM2.5/PM10 increases from 10.74%~15.90% to 42.99%~55.14%,and the average is from 13.48% to 50.45%. The PM10 removal rate is 98.88%~99.62%,and the average is 99.29% after the ESP and FGD procedure,while the PM2.5 removal rate is 95.68%~98.47%,and the average is 97.41%. Comparing with the coal-fired power plants abroad,the 6 examined power plants have slightly larger dust emission factors than Canada and the United States in terms of kg·MWh-1 and kg·t-1. However,the PM10 and PM2.5 emission factors are much larger than in Canada and the US.

关 键 词：实测 燃煤电厂 PM10 PM2.5 排放特征 排放因子 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]