内蒙古乌审旗风沙活动规律研究  

Research on sand-blown activity pattern in Uxin Qi of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：吴晓旭[1,2,3] 邹学勇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学全球变化与地球系统科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2011年第1期134-141,共8页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD26B03)

摘　　要：对乌审旗境内的的乌审召、达布察克镇和河南乡3个气象站记录的沙尘天气和风速风向数据进行了分析计算,结果表明,每年平均沙尘暴日数都在6d以上,其中扬沙型风沙天气占76%,其余为扬沙-沙尘暴型的沙尘天气。风沙活动日数年际变化较大,1978年以来呈减少趋势。风沙活动强度自北向南逐渐减弱,起沙风持续时间以北部的乌审召乡最长,达到10518h.,其次是达布察克镇,为2988h.,河南乡最小,为2736h.境内的主害风为西北风,包括WNW,NW,NNW,N、W五个风向,多年平均起沙风的持续时间占所有起沙风的74.2%。乌审旗整体处于中风能环境,境内合成输沙量最大的乌审召为17504.19kg/(m.a),达布察克镇与河南乡分别只有乌审召的1/4左右。在W,WNW,NW,NNW,N五个风向上的输沙量总和平均占各站总输沙量的76%左右。因此,应在该旗上风向加强风沙灾害的监测与防治。Calculation based on data of sand-dust weather, wind - speed and wind direction recorded in three weather stations in Uxin Qi shows that annual sandstorm days are more than six days. Blowing-sand type is the dominant phenomenon, occupying 76% of all dust weathers. Others are blowing sand-sandstorm weathers. Interan- nual blowing-sand activity days change greatly and show decreasing trend since 1978. Intensity of blown-sand activi- ty shows a trend of gradual decrease from north to south. Spatially duration time of effective sand-moving winds is longest in Wushenzhao with 10518 h, middle in Dabchiak with 2988 h and shortest in Henan Township with 2736 h. Winds causing sand-blown disasters are mainly northwest ones clustered in five directions including W, WNW, NW, NNW and N accounting for 74.2%. Uxin Qi as a whole is in a middle wind power environment. Sum of sediment discharge is greatest in Wushenzhao reaching 17504.19 kg/（m · a） whereas that in Dabchiak and Henan Township respectively closes to 1/4 of that in Wushenzhao. Sum of sediment discharge in five wind directions including W, WNW, NW, NNW and N accounts for 76% of total in each weather station. Therefore, monitoring and prevention of sand-blown disasters should be strengthened on the windward side hand direction of Uxin Qi.

关 键 词：风沙活动 沙尘天气 输沙势 乌审旗 

分 类 号：P425.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]